APUSH Chapters 1-6 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which countries were the four main colonizers of America?

France (correct)

The Netherlands (correct)

Spain (correct)

England (correct)

What is mercantilism?

An economic system to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests; the colony existed only for the mother country.

What were Encomiendes?

A labor system employed by the Spanish crown during the Spanish colonization of America and the Philippines.

Who was Father La Casas?

A Spanish priest who stood up for the rights of the Native Americans and was for African slaves instead of Native American slaves. Signup and view all the answers

What were the goals of early Spanish colonizers in the Americas?

To convert the natives to Catholicism, and gain military power and wealth. Signup and view all the answers

What are creoles in the context of colonial Spanish America?

Term used to describe someone of European descent born in the New World. Signup and view all the answers

How did France approach colonization in America?

They tried for a partnership with the natives based on fur trade in the north and Canada. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motivation for The Netherlands in colonizing America?

Economic reasons. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Joint Stock Company?

A company made up of a group of shareholders where each shareholder contributes money and receives shares of the company's profits. Signup and view all the answers

What joint stock company founded Jamestown in 1607?

London Company. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Pilgrims?

Religious separatists led by William Bradford who penned the Mayflower Compact. Signup and view all the answers

What is predestination?

The belief that what happens in human life has already been determined by some higher power. Signup and view all the answers

What did Roger Williams advocate for?

Separation of Church and State. Signup and view all the answers

What colony did Anne Hutchinson's followers found?

New Hampshire. Signup and view all the answers

What were the Chesapeake Colonies?

Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine, and Maryland. Signup and view all the answers

Which colonies are known as the Middle Colonies?

New York, New Jersey, Delaware. Signup and view all the answers

What are Restoration Colonies?

Carolinas and Georgia. Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Board of Trade and Plantations?

The chief body in England for governing the colonies, advising the monarch on colonial policy. Signup and view all the answers

What defines a Royal Colony?

The King had direct control of these colonies. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Proprietary Colony?

A colony founded by private parties with appointed governors. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Self-Governing Colony?

A colony granted a charter and virtually left alone. Signup and view all the answers

What is Virtual Representation?

The theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote. Signup and view all the answers

What is Salutary Neglect?

An English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies. Signup and view all the answers

What was the French and Indian War about?

A war fought by French and English on American soil over control of the Ohio River Valley. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Treaty of Paris accomplish?

It ended the Seven Years War and resulted in territorial gains for Britain. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Colonization of America

Spain, France, England, and The Netherlands were the four primary colonizers of America.
Spain aimed to convert natives to Catholicism while seeking military power and wealth.
France established cooperative relationships with Native Americans based on fur trade, particularly in the north and Canada.
The Netherlands focused solely on economic pursuits, notably controlling the Hudson Trading Post in New Amsterdam.
England's colonization was marked by conflict with Native Americans and the use of the Joint Stock Company model for funding colonies.

Economic Systems and Colonization Models

Mercantilism is an economic theory advocating for government regulation of a nation's commerce to increase wealth, where colonies serve the mother country.
The Joint Stock Company allowed multiple investors to share capital and profits; pivotal in founding colonies like Jamestown and Plymouth.

Key Early Settlements and Figures

The London Company financed the establishment of Jamestown in 1607.
The Pilgrims, led by William Bradford, sought religious freedom and signed the Mayflower Compact.
The Puritans aimed to purify the Anglican Church of Catholic influences.

Notable Colonial Leaders

Roger Williams established Rhode Island advocating for separation of church and state, opposed to the Puritan influence.
Anne Hutchinson challenged the Puritan religious hierarchy, positing personal connections to God; her exiled followers founded New Hampshire.

Colonial Classifications

Chesapeake Colonies include Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine, and Maryland.
Middle Colonies consist of New York, New Jersey, and Delaware.
Restoration Colonies encompass the Carolinas and Georgia.

Governance and Colonial Types

The Board of Trade and Plantations governed the colonies, advising the monarchy and overseeing colonial affairs.
Royal Colonies were under direct control of the King, while Proprietary Colonies were founded by private parties with appointed governors.
Self-Governing Colonies operated with a charter granting them relative autonomy.

Political Concepts

Virtual Representation referred to the belief that Parliament represented all British subjects, including unrepresented colonists.
Salutary Neglect was the British policy of lax enforcement of colonial laws, fostering autonomy among colonies.

Conflict and Consequences

The French and Indian War (1754-1763) was fought over control of the Ohio River Valley, leading to English dominance and declining colonial attitudes toward England.
The Treaty of Paris concluded the Seven Years War, with significant territorial changes favoring the British and impacting future colonial governance.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the key concepts from APUSH chapters 1-6 with these flashcards. This quiz covers the main colonizers, economic systems, and labor practices during the early periods of American history. Perfect for quick revision and mastering important terms!