Questions and Answers
Who was John Hancock?
Wealthy president of the Continental Congress and 'King of the Smugglers'.
Who was George Grenville?
British minister who raised a storm of protest by passing the Stamp Act.
What was the Stamp Act?
Legislation passed in 1765, repealed the next year after colonial resistance made it impossible to enforce.
What were the Sons and Daughters of Liberty?
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What were nonimportation policies?
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Who was 'Champagne Charley' Townshend?
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Who was Crispus Attucks?
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Who was George III?
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Who was Samuel Adams?
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What was the Boston Tea Party?
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What were the Intolerable Acts?
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Who was Thomas Hutchinson?
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What was the First Continental Congress?
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Who was the Marquis de Lafayette?
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Who was Baron von Steuben?
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What was the Quartering Act?
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What is mercantilism?
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What were navigation laws?
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What are enumerated goods?
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What was the Admiralty Court?
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What is virtual representation?
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What is a boycott?
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What product was taxed under the Townshend Acts and generated the greatest colonial resistance?
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What were the committees of correspondence?
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What religion was granted toleration in the trans-Allegheny West by the Quebec Act?
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Who were the Whigs?
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Who were the Hessians?
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What is continental paper money?
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What is The Association?
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Who were minute men?
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What are red coats?
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What were the Townshend Acts?
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What was the Quebec Act?
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What precipitated the first real shooting between the British and American colonists?
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Who was Lord North?
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What was Britain worried about in addition to American rebellion?
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What advantage did Britain enjoy in conflict with the colonies?
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What advantage did the colonies enjoy in conflict with Britain?
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In the Revolutionary War, African Americans fought with whom?
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What led to a gradual development of a colonial sense of independence years before the revolution?
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What led Grenville to propose the Sugar Act, Quartering Act, and Stamp Act?
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What spurred patriots to stage the Boston Tea Party?
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What precipitated the Battle of Lexington and Concord?
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What resulted in the printing of large amounts of paper currency and skyrocketing inflation?
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Study Notes
Key Figures and Events
- John Hancock: Wealthy president of the Continental Congress, recognized as the "King of the Smugglers."
- George Grenville: British minister instrumental in passing the Stamp Act, igniting opposition in the colonies.
- Crispus Attucks: Alleged African American leader among radical protesters, killed during the Boston Massacre.
Legislation and Acts
- Stamp Act: 1765 legislation that mandated taxes on printed materials, leading to colonial protests and eventual repeal.
- Townshend Acts: Taxes imposed on various goods, particularly tea, leading to colonial unrest and British troop presence in Boston.
- Intolerable Acts: Harsh British measures in response to the Boston Tea Party, including the Boston Port Act and restrictions on colonial activities.
Resistance Movements
- Sons and Daughters of Liberty: Organizations enforcing nonimportation agreements through sometimes coercive means; pivotal in mobilizing public opposition.
- Nonimportation Policies: Key colonial resistance measures against British goods, fostering revolutionary spirit among citizens.
- Committees of Correspondence: Networks created by Samuel Adams for communication and coordination of resistance across the colonies.
Social and Political Developments
- First Continental Congress: Assembly led by John Adams that issued a Declaration of Rights and initiated a boycott of British goods.
- The Association: Organized by the First Continental Congress to unify efforts in boycotting British products.
- Virtual Representation: British theory that asserted Parliament represented all British subjects, including colonists who did not elect representatives.
Military Dynamics
- Minute Men: Colonial militias capable of rapid mobilization, instrumental in the initial conflicts like Lexington and Concord.
- Hessians: German mercenaries hired by King George III to fight against American revolutionaries.
- Baron von Steuben: Military officer who trained American troops, transforming them into a professional fighting force.
Economic Context
- Mercantilism: Economic theory emphasizing strict control over colonial trade to benefit the mother country, restricting colonial manufacturing and trade freedom.
- Admiralty Court: British courts lacking juries; defendants presumed guilty until proven innocent, causing resentment among colonists.
Key Events Leading to Revolution
- Boston Tea Party: Protest against British monopoly by disguised individuals dumping tea into Boston Harbor; led to the Intolerable Acts.
- Battle of Lexington and Concord: First military engagements of the American Revolution, sparked by British attempts to seize supplies.
- Quebec Act: Extended Catholic jurisdiction and a non-jury judicial system, alarming colonists and fueling resistance.
Socio-political Ramifications
- Colonial Independence: Growing sense of self-governance and distance from Britain fostered a desire for independence prior to the revolution.
- British Concerns: Aside from American rebellion, Britain feared potential revolts in Ireland and conflicts with France.
- Military Advantages: Britain had significant resources including foreign troops, wealth, and a powerful navy, contrasted with the colonies’ home-field advantage and self-sufficiency.
Economic Challenges During War
- Continental Paper Money: Currency printed by Congress which lost value significantly due to overproduction and lack of backing.
- Inflation Crisis: Reluctance to tax Americans for war efforts led to economic instability and skyrocketing inflation.
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Description
Test your knowledge of AP U.S. History with these flashcards covering Chapter 7 topics. Learn about key figures like John Hancock and important legislation such as the Stamp Act. Ideal for students preparing for exams and seeking to reinforce their understanding of early American history.