APUSH Chapter 12 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Who wrote 'The Star Spangled Banner'?

Francis Scott Key

What was the British response after their defeat in the Battle of New Orleans?

They had a naval blockade, raiding ships and ruining American economic life.

Who led America in the Battle of New Orleans?

John Quincy Adams

What did the British demand regarding the Indian Buffer state?

A neutralized Indian Buffer state and a substantial part of conquered Maine. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Treaty of Ghent?

Signed on December 24, 1814, acknowledging a draw in the war. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the 5th president of the United States?

James Monroe Signup and view all the answers

What was the Hartford Convention?

Proved to be the death of the Federalist Party. Signup and view all the answers

What major event did Napoleon lead in 1812?

Invaded Russia with 500,000 men. Signup and view all the answers

What did James Madison try to do regarding Canada?

Tried to invade Canada with 5,000 men. Signup and view all the answers

Who were Thomas MacDonough and Oliver Perry?

Naval officers. Signup and view all the answers

Who were considered new war heroes after the War of 1812?

William Henry Harrison Signup and view all the answers

What did the Rush-Bagot Treaty establish?

The longest unfortified boundary in the world. Signup and view all the answers

What principle did Stephen Decatur express about his country?

'Our country! In her intercourse with foreign nations may she always be in the right; but our country, right or wrong!' Signup and view all the answers

What was significant about the Tariff of 1816?

The first in U.S. history designed for protection. Signup and view all the answers

Who established the American System?

Henry Clay Signup and view all the answers

What did the American System include?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What was one problem faced during the War of 1812?

Lack of effective transportation especially in the West. Signup and view all the answers

What did Congress seek in 1817 for internal improvements?

$1.5 million to the states. Signup and view all the answers

What was the economic situation in 1819?

Brought deflation, depression, bankruptcies, and unemployment. Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the first western steamboat appear?

1811 Signup and view all the answers

How many frontier states joined the original 13 between 1791 and 1819?

Nine Signup and view all the answers

What did the Land Act of 1820 authorize?

A buyer to purchase 80 acres of land at a minimum of $1.25 an acre in cash. Signup and view all the answers

Why did Missouri cause sectional tension?

It wanted to become a slave state. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Tallmadge Amendment provide?

No more slaves be brought into Missouri and gradual emancipation of children born to slave parents. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Missouri Compromise?

Missouri would be admitted as a slave state, and Maine as a free state. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Treaty of 1818 establish?

Put the northern boundary of the Louisiana Purchase at the 49th parallel. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819?

Had Spain cede Florida and shadowy claims to Oregon in exchange for Texas. Signup and view all the answers

Who was George Canning?

British foreign secretary. Signup and view all the answers

What is Monroe's Doctrine?

An expression of post-1812 U.S. nationalism. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Figures and Events

Francis Scott Key: Authored "The Star Spangled Banner," which became the national anthem.
John Quincy Adams: Led American forces during the Battle of New Orleans, a significant conflict in the War of 1812.
James Monroe: Served as the 5th president of the United States and a member of the Democratic-Republican Party.
James Madison: Attempted a military invasion of Canada during the War of 1812; vetoed a congressional bill for state infrastructure funding.
Andrew Jackson and William Henry Harrison: Emerged as national war heroes post-War of 1812.

Treaties and Political Developments

Treaty of Ghent: Signed on December 24, 1814, ended the War of 1812 without addressing specific territorial demands from either side.
Hartford Convention: Resulted in the decline of the Federalist Party after opposing the War of 1812, failing to gain support in the 1816 elections.
Rush-Bagot Treaty: Established in 1817, it created the world's longest unfortified border between the U.S. and Britain.

Conflicts and Economic Impacts

British Naval Blockade: Implemented after the Battle of New Orleans, severely impacted American economic activities, notably fishing.
Economic Panic of 1819: Triggered a nationwide crisis leading to deflation, bank failures, and unemployment, exacerbating social issues like crowded debtors' prisons.

Legislation and Infrastructure

The Tariff of 1816: The first protective tariff in U.S. history imposed a 20-25% tariff on imports, designed to protect American manufacturers.
American System: Introduced by Henry Clay, it promoted a banking system that included tariffs and a network of transportation infrastructure for regional economic cooperation.
Congress's 1817 Initiative: Proposed distributing $1.5 million to states for improving transportation infrastructure.

Slavery and Sectionalism Issues

Missouri Compromise: Allowed Missouri to enter as a slave state and Maine as a free state, maintaining a balance in Congress. It prohibited slavery above the 36°30' line.
Tallmadge Amendment: Sought to limit slavery in Missouri, calling for gradual emancipation of children born to enslaved individuals.

Territorial Expansion and Relations

Land Act of 1820: Enabled land purchases of 80 acres at $1.25 per acre, reflecting Western demands for accessible land.
Treaty of 1818: Set the northern boundary of the Louisiana Purchase at the 49th parallel and allowed a decade of joint occupation in Oregon territory.
Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819: Resulted in Spain ceding Florida to the U.S. for $5 million and relinquishing claims in Oregon in exchange for Texas.

Nationalism and Foreign Policy

Monroe's Doctrine: An assertion of U.S. nationalism that warned European powers against further colonization in the Americas, reflecting a shift towards isolationism, even though it was not formal law.

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Test your knowledge on key figures and events from Chapter 12 of AP U.S. History. This quiz covers important details about Francis Scott Key, the Battle of New Orleans, and John Quincy Adams. Perfect for studying before your next exam!