AP Psychology Unit 7 Flashcards

The processing of information into the memory system.

The retention of encoded information over time.

<p>The process of getting information out of memory storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activated memory that holds a few items briefly before the information is stored or forgotten.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system; includes knowledge, skills, and experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space time, and frequency, and of well-learned information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The encoding of picture images.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The encoding of sound, especially the sound of words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mental pictures; a powerful aid to effortful processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organizing items into familiar, manageable units.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli, lasting no more than a few tenths of a second.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli that can last for 3 or 4 seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The loss of memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retention independent of conscious recollection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and declare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A neural center located in the limbic system that helps process explicit memories for storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The eerie sense that 'I've experienced this before.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to recall experiences consistent with one's current good or bad mood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The basis defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mental image or best example of a category.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inability to see a problem from a new perspective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A tendency to approach a problem in one particular way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent particular prototypes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to be more confident than correct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The way an issue is posed, which can affect decisions and judgments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smallest distinctive sound unit in language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smallest unit that carries meaning in a language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly in single words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram using mostly nouns and verbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think.</p> Signup and view all the answers