Questions and Answers
What is the center of the Burgess concentric zone model?
Who proposed the Hoyt sector model?
Homer Hoyt
The galactic city model illustrates a city that has been taken over by __________.
car-based living
The gravity model asserts that interaction is proportional to the distance between two populations.
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Who created the central place theory?
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According to the rank-size rule, a rank 3 city would have __________ the population of a country's largest city.
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A primate city is the smallest city in its country or region.
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What does the multiple nuclei model describe?
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Study Notes
Burgess Concentric Zone Model
- Central Business District (CBD) located at the center of the model.
- Transition zone consists of mixed residential and commercial uses; known as the zone of transition.
- Inner suburbs feature working-class residential homes, termed inner city homes.
- Outer suburbs contain better quality middle-class homes.
- Commuter zones reflect areas where residents travel to urban centers for work.
Hoyt Sector Model
- Proposed by economist Homer Hoyt in 1939 as a modification of the concentric zone model.
- Allows for outward progression of urban growth through distinct sectors.
- Acknowledges limitations due to simplification of complex urban phenomena.
Galactic City Model
- Created by Chauncy Harris in the 1960s, also known as the peripheral model.
- Based on Detroit, it illustrates car-dependent living influenced by urban sprawl.
- CBD is present but decentralized due to suburban migration; often underutilized.
- Edge cities develop at highway junctions, reflecting a spread of commercial activity outside the CBD.
- Large shopping centers are situated in the suburbs, accessible to population centers.
- Low-income residents are located near industrial districts, while middle-class office parks are also nearby for better commuting options.
Gravity Model
- Interaction between two populations is proportional to their sizes and inversely related to the distance between them.
- Incorporates the concept of distance decay where interactions decrease as distance increases.
Christaller's Central Place Theory
- Developed by geographer Walter Christaller to explain settlement sizes, locations, and functions.
- Settlements act as 'central places' offering services to surrounding regions, creating a hierarchical spatial organization.
Rank-Size Rule
- Suggests a consistent pattern in the sizes of cities, businesses, and wealth distribution globally.
- A rank 3 city has 1/3 the population of the largest city, rank 4 city has 1/4, and so forth.
Primate Cities
- Defined as the largest city in a country or region, significantly larger than others within the urban hierarchy.
- Reflects the economic, political, and cultural dominance over other cities in the area.
Multiple Nuclei Model
- Layout model based on Chicago, emphasizing the emergence of multiple business districts beyond the CBD.
- Smaller CBDs develop near valuable housing areas, creating several nuclei for urban activity.
- Aims to provide a realistic representation of complex urban systems, especially in larger cities.
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Description
Prepare for your AP Human Geography exam with this comprehensive review of Unit 7. This quiz covers key concepts such as the Burgess concentric zone model and residential patterns in urban areas. Test your understanding and get ready for success!
