AP Human Geography Chapter 1 Vocabulary

Questions and Answers

What is Sequent Occupance?

Successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place that add up to the cultural landscape.

What is a Cultural Landscape?

The fashioning of natural landscape by a culture group to fit their needs.

What is Arithmetic Density?

Total number of people divided by total area of land.

What is Physiological Density?

People per unit of area of arable land. Signup and view all the answers

What does Hearth refer to?

Region from which innovative ideas originate. Signup and view all the answers

What is Diffusion?

Spread of a feature from one place to another over time. Signup and view all the answers

What is Relocation Diffusion?

Spread of an idea through physical movement from one place to another. Signup and view all the answers

What is Expansion Diffusion?

Spread of a feature in a snowballing process. Signup and view all the answers

What is Hierarchical Diffusion?

Spread from a person of authority to other persons and places. Signup and view all the answers

What is Contagious Diffusion?

The rapid widespread diffusion throughout a population. Signup and view all the answers

What is Absolute Distance?

Exact measurements between two places. Signup and view all the answers

What is Relative Distance?

Approximate measurement between two places. Signup and view all the answers

What does Distribution mean?

Arrangement of things across Earth's surface. Signup and view all the answers

What is Environmental Determinism?

Geography is the study of how the physical environment caused by human activities. Signup and view all the answers

What is Stimulus Diffusion?

Underlying principle of a characteristic spreads although characteristic failed. Signup and view all the answers

What is Absolute Location?

Position marked using longitude and latitude. Signup and view all the answers

What is Relative Location?

Position relative to other features. Signup and view all the answers

What is Site?

Character of a place; what is found at the location and why it is significant. Signup and view all the answers

What is Situation?

Location relative to other places. Signup and view all the answers

What does Space Time Compression refer to?

Reduction of time to diffuse something because of improvements in technology. Signup and view all the answers

What is Friction of Distance?

Distance requires some amount of effort, money, and/or energy so interactions tend to take place more often over shorter distances. Signup and view all the answers

What is Distance Decay?

The farther away one group is from another, the less likely the two groups are to interact. Signup and view all the answers

What are Networks?

Interconnected nodes without a center. Signup and view all the answers

What does Connectivity mean?

Relationships across the barrier of space. Signup and view all the answers

What is Accessibility?

Degree of ease to reach a certain location from other locations. Signup and view all the answers

What is Space?

Physical gap between two objects. Signup and view all the answers

What is Spatial Distribution?

Location of phenomenon across space. Signup and view all the answers

What does Size refer to in geography?

Estimation of extent. Signup and view all the answers

What is Scale?

Representation of real phenomena at a level of reduction or generalization. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Formal Region?

Every one shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics like language or climate. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Functional Region?

Area organized around a node or focal point that dominates at the central focus. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Vernacular Region?

People believe it exists as a part of their cultural identity. Signup and view all the answers

What is Possibilism?

The environment may limit some human actions but people have the ability to adjust to new environments. Signup and view all the answers

What is Natural Landscape?

Natural geographical feature created by nature over time. Signup and view all the answers

What does Pattern refer to in geography?

A common property of distribution; geometric arrangements of objects in space. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Place Name?

Toponym; name given to a place on Earth. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Vocabulary and Definitions

Sequent Occupance: Represents how successive societies shape and modify the cultural landscape, illustrating human-environment interactions over time.
Cultural Landscape: The result of the transformation of the natural landscape by cultural groups to meet their needs.
Arithmetic Density: Calculated by dividing the total population by the total land area, indicating population distribution per unit of land.
Physiological Density: Measures the number of people per unit of arable land, highlighting land usage relative to population.
Hearth: The original region where innovative ideas or practices originate.
Diffusion: The process of spreading cultural features and practices from one location to others over time.
Relocation Diffusion: The transmission of cultural elements through the physical movement of people from one place to another.
Expansion Diffusion: Features spread through a snowballing effect, occurring in hierarchical, contagious, or stimulus forms.
Hierarchical Diffusion: Spreading of ideas or trends from a person of authority to other individuals or places.
Contagious Diffusion: Rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic through a population.
Absolute Distance: Precise measurement between two geographical locations.
Relative Distance: Approximate measurement reflecting the distance between two places in a broader context.
Distribution: The arrangement and spread of various phenomena across the Earth's surface.
Environmental Determinism: The theory that human activities are influenced and shaped by the physical environment.
Stimulus Diffusion: Spread of an underlying principle or idea even if the specific characteristic does not fully diffuse.
Absolute Location: The exact geographical coordinates determined by latitude and longitude.
Relative Location: Location defined in relation to other landmarks or geographical features.
Site: The intrinsic characteristics and significance of a specific location.
Situation: A location described in relation to other places.
Space Time Compression: The phenomenon where advancements in technology reduce the time it takes for ideas to spread.
Friction of Distance: The concept that increased distance requires greater effort, money, or energy, leading to more frequent interactions over shorter distances.
Distance Decay: The principle that interaction decreases as the distance between groups increases.
Networks: A system of interconnected nodes without a central hub.
Connectivity: The various relationships that exist across distances, transcending geographical barriers.
Accessibility: The ease of reaching a location from other places.
Space: The physical gap or interval between two objects.
Spatial Distribution: Examination of how phenomena are located across various areas.
Size: An estimation of the extent or magnitude of a geographical feature.
Scale: The representation of real-world phenomena, adjusted for reduction or generalization.
Formal Region: A defined area where one or more distinctive characteristics, like language or climate, are uniformly shared among its inhabitants.
Functional Region: Organized around a central node or focal point, influencing the surrounding area.
Vernacular Region: A perceptual area recognized by the local population as part of their cultural identity.
Possibilism: The idea that while the environment may impose certain limitations on human actions, people can adapt and modify their environments.
Natural Landscape: Geographic features created by natural processes over time.
Pattern: The geometric arrangement or common property of distribution among objects in space.
Place Name: Known as toponym, it refers to the designated name given to a particular location on Earth.

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Test your knowledge with this quiz on key terms from Chapter 1 of AP Human Geography. Understand concepts like Sequent Occupance and Cultural Landscape, and how they relate to human interaction with the environment. Perfect for review before your exam!