AP Human Geography Chapter 1 Vocabulary
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Questions and Answers

What is Sequent Occupance?

Successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place that add up to the cultural landscape.

What is a Cultural Landscape?

The fashioning of natural landscape by a culture group to fit their needs.

What is Arithmetic Density?

Total number of people divided by total area of land.

What is Physiological Density?

<p>People per unit of area of arable land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Hearth refer to?

<p>Region from which innovative ideas originate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Diffusion?

<p>Spread of a feature from one place to another over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Relocation Diffusion?

<p>Spread of an idea through physical movement from one place to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Expansion Diffusion?

<p>Spread of a feature in a snowballing process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Hierarchical Diffusion?

<p>Spread from a person of authority to other persons and places.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Contagious Diffusion?

<p>The rapid widespread diffusion throughout a population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Absolute Distance?

<p>Exact measurements between two places.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Relative Distance?

<p>Approximate measurement between two places.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Distribution mean?

<p>Arrangement of things across Earth's surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Environmental Determinism?

<p>Geography is the study of how the physical environment caused by human activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Stimulus Diffusion?

<p>Underlying principle of a characteristic spreads although characteristic failed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Absolute Location?

<p>Position marked using longitude and latitude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Relative Location?

<p>Position relative to other features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Site?

<p>Character of a place; what is found at the location and why it is significant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Situation?

<p>Location relative to other places.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Space Time Compression refer to?

<p>Reduction of time to diffuse something because of improvements in technology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Friction of Distance?

<p>Distance requires some amount of effort, money, and/or energy so interactions tend to take place more often over shorter distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Distance Decay?

<p>The farther away one group is from another, the less likely the two groups are to interact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Networks?

<p>Interconnected nodes without a center.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Connectivity mean?

<p>Relationships across the barrier of space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Accessibility?

<p>Degree of ease to reach a certain location from other locations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Space?

<p>Physical gap between two objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Spatial Distribution?

<p>Location of phenomenon across space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Size refer to in geography?

<p>Estimation of extent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Scale?

<p>Representation of real phenomena at a level of reduction or generalization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Formal Region?

<p>Every one shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics like language or climate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Functional Region?

<p>Area organized around a node or focal point that dominates at the central focus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Vernacular Region?

<p>People believe it exists as a part of their cultural identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Possibilism?

<p>The environment may limit some human actions but people have the ability to adjust to new environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Natural Landscape?

<p>Natural geographical feature created by nature over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Pattern refer to in geography?

<p>A common property of distribution; geometric arrangements of objects in space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Place Name?

<p>Toponym; name given to a place on Earth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Vocabulary and Definitions

  • Sequent Occupance: Represents how successive societies shape and modify the cultural landscape, illustrating human-environment interactions over time.

  • Cultural Landscape: The result of the transformation of the natural landscape by cultural groups to meet their needs.

  • Arithmetic Density: Calculated by dividing the total population by the total land area, indicating population distribution per unit of land.

  • Physiological Density: Measures the number of people per unit of arable land, highlighting land usage relative to population.

  • Hearth: The original region where innovative ideas or practices originate.

  • Diffusion: The process of spreading cultural features and practices from one location to others over time.

  • Relocation Diffusion: The transmission of cultural elements through the physical movement of people from one place to another.

  • Expansion Diffusion: Features spread through a snowballing effect, occurring in hierarchical, contagious, or stimulus forms.

  • Hierarchical Diffusion: Spreading of ideas or trends from a person of authority to other individuals or places.

  • Contagious Diffusion: Rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic through a population.

  • Absolute Distance: Precise measurement between two geographical locations.

  • Relative Distance: Approximate measurement reflecting the distance between two places in a broader context.

  • Distribution: The arrangement and spread of various phenomena across the Earth's surface.

  • Environmental Determinism: The theory that human activities are influenced and shaped by the physical environment.

  • Stimulus Diffusion: Spread of an underlying principle or idea even if the specific characteristic does not fully diffuse.

  • Absolute Location: The exact geographical coordinates determined by latitude and longitude.

  • Relative Location: Location defined in relation to other landmarks or geographical features.

  • Site: The intrinsic characteristics and significance of a specific location.

  • Situation: A location described in relation to other places.

  • Space Time Compression: The phenomenon where advancements in technology reduce the time it takes for ideas to spread.

  • Friction of Distance: The concept that increased distance requires greater effort, money, or energy, leading to more frequent interactions over shorter distances.

  • Distance Decay: The principle that interaction decreases as the distance between groups increases.

  • Networks: A system of interconnected nodes without a central hub.

  • Connectivity: The various relationships that exist across distances, transcending geographical barriers.

  • Accessibility: The ease of reaching a location from other places.

  • Space: The physical gap or interval between two objects.

  • Spatial Distribution: Examination of how phenomena are located across various areas.

  • Size: An estimation of the extent or magnitude of a geographical feature.

  • Scale: The representation of real-world phenomena, adjusted for reduction or generalization.

  • Formal Region: A defined area where one or more distinctive characteristics, like language or climate, are uniformly shared among its inhabitants.

  • Functional Region: Organized around a central node or focal point, influencing the surrounding area.

  • Vernacular Region: A perceptual area recognized by the local population as part of their cultural identity.

  • Possibilism: The idea that while the environment may impose certain limitations on human actions, people can adapt and modify their environments.

  • Natural Landscape: Geographic features created by natural processes over time.

  • Pattern: The geometric arrangement or common property of distribution among objects in space.

  • Place Name: Known as toponym, it refers to the designated name given to a particular location on Earth.

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Test your knowledge with this quiz on key terms from Chapter 1 of AP Human Geography. Understand concepts like Sequent Occupance and Cultural Landscape, and how they relate to human interaction with the environment. Perfect for review before your exam!

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