Questions and Answers
What is the study of the earth's physical and cultural landscapes called?
What does Tobler's First Law of Geography state?
All things are related, but near things are more related than far things.
What is distance decay?
The effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions.
What does the friction of distance refer to?
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What is physical geography?
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What is human geography?
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What is meant by 'sense of place'?
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What is latitude?
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Where does the equator lie?
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Where do the poles lie?
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What is longitude?
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What is the Prime Meridian?
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What is the International Date Line?
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How many degrees are in 1 minute?
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What is a spatial scale?
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What are small scale maps?
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What are large scale maps?
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What is a representative fraction?
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What is an isoline?
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What do isoline maps show?
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What are general-purpose maps?
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What do physical maps depict?
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What do political maps show?
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What is an image map?
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What is a cartogram?
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What do dot maps use to represent frequency?
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What is a chloropleth map?
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What is cartography?
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What does GIS stand for?
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What is possibilism?
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What does density refer to in geography?
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What does concentration refer to?
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What does dispersed mean?
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What is a pattern in geography?
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What is a toponym?
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The four ways to identify location are: name, mathematical, ______, and ______.
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What are uniform regions?
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What are functional regions?
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Study Notes
Geography Fundamentals
- Geography encompasses the study of Earth’s physical and cultural landscapes, examining spatial patterns and interrelationships.
- Tobler's First Law of Geography notes that all things are interconnected, with proximity enhancing relationships.
Spatial Concepts
- Distance decay refers to the diminishing effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions.
- The distance decay effect highlights how interaction between two locales decreases as the distance increases.
- Friction of distance signifies that overcoming distance involves effort, money, and energy.
Branches of Geography
- Physical geography studies the natural environment, including climates, landforms, and vegetation.
- Human geography focuses on the spatial distribution of people and human activities, analyzing their relationships.
Place and Sense of Place
- Place refers to the meaningful associations people have with specific locations.
- Sense of place describes emotions and memories people associate with particular locations.
Coordinate Systems
- Latitude is measured in degrees, with the equator at 0 degrees and poles at 90 degrees north and south.
- Longitude, or meridians, runs from pole to pole, with the Prime Meridian established at 0 degrees.
Map Interpretation
- The International Date Line roughly follows 180 degrees longitude, affecting calendar dates based on direction traveled.
- Small scale maps represent large areas with less detail; large scale maps focus on local specifics with greater detail.
- A representative fraction shows the size relation between map objects and their real-world counterparts.
Mapping Techniques
- Isolines connect points of equal data value on a map, while isoline maps depict variations across surfaces.
- General-purpose maps provide a broad overview of areas, contrasting with physical maps that detail Earth’s topography.
- Political maps illustrate boundaries between countries, whereas image maps use satellite imagery for representation.
- Cartograms distort space to emphasize particular data attributes, while dot maps visualize density through dot representation.
- Choropleth maps use color to denote ranked classes of variables across defined regions.
Cartography and GIS
- Cartography is the art and science involved in mapmaking.
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integrate various data forms (maps, satellite images, statistics) to create informative maps.
Determinants of Cultural and Physical Geography
- Possibilism suggests that the environment restricts certain conditions, yet social factors predominantly shape culture.
- Density refers to the frequency of a phenomenon in a given space, while concentration describes how spread out objects are.
- Dispersed indicates objects that are relatively far apart; patterns represent the geometric arrangement of phenomena in an area.
Identifying Locations
- Locations can be identified through name, mathematical coordinates, site characteristics, and situational context.
- Uniform regions are characterized by distinct features or landscapes, while functional regions are defined by activity nodes and distance decay.
Important Vocabulary
- Toponym refers to a name derived from a place or region, highlighting the significance of location in cultural identity.
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Description
This quiz covers key terms and concepts from Chapter 1 of AP Human Geography. Understand the fundamental ideas such as geography, Tobler's First Law of Geography, and the concept of distance decay. Perfect for students preparing for assessments in this foundational subject.