Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following describes the role of Interferons in the immune response against viral infections?
What is the primary action of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) in HIV treatment?
What occurs after the recruitment of STAT proteins in the interferon signaling process?
Which type of antiviral drug does not directly inhibit reverse transcriptase activity?
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What is the significance of interferons binding to specific cell surface receptors?
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Which of the following actions are associated with interferons?
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What is the role of 2',5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) in the antiviral response?
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Which adverse effect is NOT commonly associated with interferon therapy?
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What is the mechanism of action for NRTIs in treating HIV?
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Which of the following drugs is categorized as a Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI)?
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What is a significant side effect of Zidovudine therapy?
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What distinguishes Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors from NRTIs?
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Which statement accurately describes the effects of Tenofovir?
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What is one of the primary actions of protease inhibitors in HIV treatment?
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Which condition is NOT typically treated with IFN-α-2b?
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Which class of anti-HIV drugs is known for requiring activation into triphosphate metabolites?
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Which condition is associated with the adverse effect of lactic acidosis in anti-HIV drug therapy?
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What is a major concern regarding resistance in NNRTIs for HIV therapy?
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Study Notes
Antiviral Drugs – For HIV infection
- Interferons are signaling proteins produced by host cells in response to pathogens.
- Interferons bind to specific cell surface receptors and affect viral replication.
- Antiviral drugs for HIV infection fall into several categories: NRTIs, NNRTIs, NtRTIs, Protease inhibitors, Entry/fusion inhibitors, CCR5 inhibitors, Integrase inhibitors, and Newer antiviral drugs.
- NRTIs are activated into triphosphate metabolites by host cell kinase.
- The triphosphate form of NRTIs competes with viral nucleoside triphosphate for viral RT.
- NRTIs lack a 3’OH group or have –N3 in place of 3’ OH, which terminates DNA chain elongation.
- Zidovudine is a thymidine analogue used for palliative treatment for HIV 1, 2 and HTLV I and II.
- NNRTIs do not require activation through phosphorylation, binding directly to the catalytic site of viral RT and inactivating the enzyme to inhibit viral DNA synthesis.
- Tenofovir, a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI), competitively inhibits HIV- RT enzyme.
- Tenofovir is a prodrug hydrolysed in the liver to tenofovir and then phosphorylated to active tenofovir diphosphate.
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Description
This quiz covers the various categories of antiviral drugs used in the treatment of HIV infection, including NRTIs, NNRTIs, and protease inhibitors. It also explains the mechanisms of action of interferons and how these drugs impact viral replication and DNA synthesis. Test your knowledge on HIV antiviral therapy!
