CMV and HIV Treatment Goals Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an ideal antiviral drug?

  • Chemically and metabolically stable
  • Easily absorbed (apolar)
  • Water-soluble
  • Toxic (correct)

Which of the following is a target of anti-influenza drugs?

  • DNA polymerase
  • RNA polymerase (correct)
  • Reverse transcriptase
  • Protein kinase

What is the primary goal of therapy and prophylaxis with antiviral drugs during a pandemic?

  • Spread new virus subtypes
  • Protect people who play key roles in managing the response to pandemic
  • Reduce the number of deaths (correct)
  • Increase the number of individuals at risk of getting a disease

Why is it more complex to employ drugs against viruses compared to bacteria?

<p>Viruses can replicate exclusively in host cells (B)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT a neuraminidase inhibitor?

<p>Amantadine (B)</p>
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Which drug is used to treat herpes simplex virus and chicken-pox virus?

<p>Penciclovir (C)</p>
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What is the mechanism of action of neuraminidase inhibitors?

<p>They block the activity of neuraminidase (C)</p>
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What is the goal of HIV treatment?

<p>Reduce HIV-associated morbidity and prolong the duration and quality of survival (D)</p>
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What is the role of thymidine kinase in the phosphorylation of CMV?

<p>Thymidine kinase is absent in CMV (A)</p>
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What makes retroviruses hard to eradicate?

<p>Integration of their DNA into the host cell's genome is an essential step in the viral replication cycle (C)</p>
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What is the mechanism of action of nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors?

<p>They arrest the synthesis of viral DNA by reverse transcriptase (B)</p>
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Which type of drugs can suppress the synthesis of viral genome and viral particles production in HBV?

<p>Acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues (C)</p>
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What is the difference between HBV and HCV in terms of curability?

<p>HCV is curable, while HBV is not curable (D)</p>
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What is the mechanism of action of Ribavirin against viral replication?

<p>It inhibits the production of viral nucleic acids (C)</p>
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What is the advantage of using Interferon for treating viral infections?

<p>It has low toxicity and modest antigenic properties (A)</p>
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What is the mechanism of action of NTRIs in the treatment of HIV?

<p>They lack a 3' hydroxyl group preventing further nucleotide attachment to viral DNA (C)</p>
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What is the target of nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) in the treatment of HIV?

<p>Reverse transcriptase (B)</p>
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How do integrase inhibitors interfere with the replication of HIV?

<p>They prevent the integration of viral DNA into the host chromosome by binding to integrase (D)</p>
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What is the mechanism of action of protease inhibitors in the treatment of HIV?

<p>They inhibit the activity of the HIV protease enzyme (A)</p>
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Which enzyme is responsible for the first round of phosphorylation in CMV?

<p>Viral kinase encoded by UL97 gene (C)</p>
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What is the primary goal of antiretroviral therapy for HIV?

<p>Reduce HIV-associated morbidity and prolong survival (B)</p>
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What is the mechanism of action of nucleoside analogues and nucleotide analogues in the treatment of HIV?

<p>Arrest the synthesis of viral DNA by reverse transcriptase (C)</p>
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Which of the following drugs binds to gp120 to inhibit HIV-1 entry?

<p>Fostemsavir (D)</p>
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Which of the following is a nucleoside RT inhibitor used in the treatment of HBV?

<p>Adefovir (D)</p>
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What is the mechanism of action of Ribavirin against viral replication?

<p>Inhibition of inosine monophosphate deidrogenase enzyme (A)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of HBV infection?

<p>Curable (C)</p>
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What is the difference between HCV and HBV in terms of replication?

<p>HCV replication occurs only in the cytoplasm (B)</p>
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Which of the following human infectious diseases does NOT have drugs for treatment currently available?

<p>Ebola virus infections (A)</p>
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What are the characteristics of an ideal antiviral drug according to the text?

<p>Water-soluble, chemically and metabolically stable, easily absorbed (apolar), carcinogenic (C)</p>
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What is the primary goal of therapy and prophylaxis with antiviral drugs during a pandemic according to the text?

<p>To reduce the number of individuals at risk of getting a disease (morbidity) (C)</p>
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What is the primary target of neuraminidase inhibitors in the treatment of influenza?

<p>The neuraminidase enzyme (D)</p>
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Which of the following drugs is used to treat cytomegalovirus infections in patients with AIDS?

<p>Ganciclovir (C)</p>
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What is the mechanism of action of amantadine and rimantadine in the treatment of influenza?

<p>Blocking the M2 viral proton pump (B)</p>
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What is the primary advantage of acyclovir over guanosine in the treatment of herpes infections?

<p>Lower concentration necessary to inhibit viral DNA polymerase (B)</p>
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What is the mechanism of action of nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) in the treatment of HIV?

<p>NNRTIs inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase by binding to a hydrophobic pocket. (D)</p>
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What is the mode of action of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV?

<p>Integrase inhibitors interfere with the strand transfer process of the viral DNA by competitively binding to the active site of integrase. (A)</p>
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What is the target of protease inhibitors in the treatment of HIV?

<p>Protease inhibitors inhibit the catalytic activity of HIV protease. (A)</p>
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What is the new long-acting injection treatment option for HIV?

<p>Cabotegravir and rilpivirine given as two separate injections every two months (D)</p>
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