6 Antibiotics
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens)?

  • It is effective against GPCs, GNRs, and fungi (correct)
  • It is effective only against fungi
  • It is ineffective against GPCs and GNRs
  • It is ineffective against all organisms
  • Which antibiotic inhibits DNA helicase (DNA gyrase)?

  • Tetracycline
  • Erythromycin
  • Quinolones (correct)
  • Rifampin
  • What is the mechanism of action of metronidazole (Flagyl)?

  • Inhibition of 30s ribosome and protein synthesis
  • Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
  • Production of oxygen radicals that breakup DNA (correct)
  • Inhibition of RNA polymerase
  • What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamides?

    <p>PABA analogue, inhibits purine synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antibiotics have irreversible binding to ribosome and are considered bactericidal?

    <p>Aminoglycosides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common method of antibiotic resistance?

    <p>Transfer of plasmids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of penicillins?

    <p>Inhibition of cell wall synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of antibiotics are tetracycline, clindamycin, and erythromycin?

    <p>Bacteriostatic antibiotics with irreversible ribosomal binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic produces oxygen radicals that break up DNA?

    <p>Metronidazole (Flagyl)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic inhibits RNA polymerase?

    <p>Rifampin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of trimethoprim?

    <p>Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase, which inhibits purine synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What antibiotic is effective against GPCs and GNRs but poor for fungi?

    <p>Iodophors (Betadine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific antibiotic effective for enterococci but not effective for Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, or Serratia?

    <p>Ampicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug has a side effect of inhibiting platelets and has a high salt load?

    <p>Timentin (ticarcillin/clavulanic acid)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic has the longest half-life and is therefore best for prophylaxis?

    <p>Cefotetan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antipseudomonal penicillin is effective for enterococci and Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Serratia?

    <p>Zosyn (piperacillin/tazobactam)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is not effective for MEP: MRSA, Enterococcus, and Proteus?

    <p>Carbapenems (meropenem, imipenem)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic facilitates aminoglycoside penetration and has the side effects of reversible nephrotoxicity and irreversible ototoxicity?

    <p>Beta-lactams (ampicillin, amoxicillin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antifungal drug binds ergosterols in the wall and alters membrane permeability?

    <p>Amphotericin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antituberculosis drug inhibits RNA polymerase?

    <p>Rifampin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral drug is used for CMV infections and has the side effects of decreased bone marrow and CNS toxicity?

    <p>Ganciclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the side effect of hepatotoxicity associated with which antituberculosis drug?

    <p>Isoniazid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiviral drug is used for HSV infections and EBV?

    <p>Acyclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What side effect is associated with erythromycin (macrolides)?

    <p>Nausea (PO), cholestasis (IV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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