6 Antibiotics
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens)?

  • It is effective against GPCs, GNRs, and fungi (correct)
  • It is effective only against fungi
  • It is ineffective against GPCs and GNRs
  • It is ineffective against all organisms

Which antibiotic inhibits DNA helicase (DNA gyrase)?

  • Tetracycline
  • Erythromycin
  • Quinolones (correct)
  • Rifampin

What is the mechanism of action of metronidazole (Flagyl)?

  • Inhibition of 30s ribosome and protein synthesis
  • Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
  • Production of oxygen radicals that breakup DNA (correct)
  • Inhibition of RNA polymerase

What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamides?

<p>PABA analogue, inhibits purine synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antibiotics have irreversible binding to ribosome and are considered bactericidal?

<p>Aminoglycosides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common method of antibiotic resistance?

<p>Transfer of plasmids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of penicillins?

<p>Inhibition of cell wall synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of antibiotics are tetracycline, clindamycin, and erythromycin?

<p>Bacteriostatic antibiotics with irreversible ribosomal binding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic produces oxygen radicals that break up DNA?

<p>Metronidazole (Flagyl) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic inhibits RNA polymerase?

<p>Rifampin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of trimethoprim?

<p>Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase, which inhibits purine synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What antibiotic is effective against GPCs and GNRs but poor for fungi?

<p>Iodophors (Betadine) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific antibiotic effective for enterococci but not effective for Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, or Serratia?

<p>Ampicillin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug has a side effect of inhibiting platelets and has a high salt load?

<p>Timentin (ticarcillin/clavulanic acid) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic has the longest half-life and is therefore best for prophylaxis?

<p>Cefotetan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antipseudomonal penicillin is effective for enterococci and Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Serratia?

<p>Zosyn (piperacillin/tazobactam) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is not effective for MEP: MRSA, Enterococcus, and Proteus?

<p>Carbapenems (meropenem, imipenem) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic facilitates aminoglycoside penetration and has the side effects of reversible nephrotoxicity and irreversible ototoxicity?

<p>Beta-lactams (ampicillin, amoxicillin) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antifungal drug binds ergosterols in the wall and alters membrane permeability?

<p>Amphotericin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antituberculosis drug inhibits RNA polymerase?

<p>Rifampin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antiviral drug is used for CMV infections and has the side effects of decreased bone marrow and CNS toxicity?

<p>Ganciclovir (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the side effect of hepatotoxicity associated with which antituberculosis drug?

<p>Isoniazid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antiviral drug is used for HSV infections and EBV?

<p>Acyclovir (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What side effect is associated with erythromycin (macrolides)?

<p>Nausea (PO), cholestasis (IV) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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