Antiparkinson Drugs Overview

Questions and Answers

What is the drug class for Artane?

Antidepressant

Antibiotic

Antiparkinson: anticholinergic agent (correct)

Antihistamine

What is the pregnancy category of Artane?

C (correct)

What are the therapeutic uses of Artane?

To decrease involuntary symptoms of parkinsonism or drug-induced parkinsonism by inhibiting acetylcholine.

What is the mode of action of Artane?

Blocks cholinergic (muscarinic) receptors to decrease involuntary movements. Signup and view all the answers

List some side effects of Artane.

Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, anxiety, restlessness, headache, flushing, dizziness, blurred vision, photophobia, pupil dilation, dysphagia. Signup and view all the answers

What are some adverse reactions associated with Artane?

Tachycardia, palpitations, postural hypotension, urinary retention, life-threatening paralytic ileus. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications for using Artane?

Narrow angle glaucoma, GI obstruction, urinary retention, severe angina pectoris, myasthenia gravis. Signup and view all the answers

What can increase the anticholinergic effect when taking Artane?

Both A and C Signup and view all the answers

What is the absorption method of Artane?

PO: Well absorbed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the elimination method for Artane?

Excretion in urine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak onset time for the oral administration of Artane?

1 hour for onset; 2-3 hours for peak. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Drug Class

Antiparkinson: categorized as an anticholinergic agent.

Pregnancy Category

Classified as Category C, indicating potential risks that cannot be ruled out.

Therapeutic Uses

Used to reduce involuntary symptoms associated with parkinsonism or drug-induced parkinsonism.
Functions by inhibiting acetylcholine to diminish symptoms.

Mode of Action

Acts by blocking cholinergic (muscarinic) receptors, leading to a reduction in involuntary movements.

Side Effects

Common side effects include:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Dry mouth
- Constipation
- Anxiety and restlessness
- Headache and dizziness
- Blurred vision and photophobia
- Pupil dilation and dysphagia

Adverse Reactions

Serious adverse reactions can include:
- Tachycardia and palpitations
- Postural hypotension and urinary retention
- Life-threatening condition: paralytic ileus

Contraindications

Not recommended for individuals with:
- Narrow angle glaucoma
- GI obstruction
- Urinary retention
- Severe angina pectoris
- Myasthenia gravis
Use with caution in patients with tachycardia, benign prostatic hypertrophy, children, older adults, and nursing mothers.

Drug Interactions

Can enhance anticholinergic effects when combined with:
- Phenothiazines
- Antihistamines
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Amantadine and quinidine
Antacids may decrease the absorption of Artane.

Pharmacokinetics

Well absorbed when taken orally.
Protein binding: unknown percentage.
Half-life of 5-10 hours.
Primarily excreted in urine.

Pharmacodynamics

Immediate-release form (PO):
- Onset of action: 1 hour
- Peak effect: 2-3 hours
- Duration of effect: 6-12 hours
Sustained-release/oral form (SR/PO):
- Onset and peak effects: unknown
- Duration of effect: 12-24 hours

Description

This quiz covers the classification and therapeutic uses of antiparkinson agents, particularly those that are anticholinergic. It also addresses the potential risks during pregnancy, common side effects, serious adverse reactions, and contraindications. Test your knowledge on how these drugs function and their clinical implications.