Antimicrobial Therapy Principles
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Questions and Answers

What is the main factor highlighted in the text to improve antibiotic activity at the site of infection?

  • Broad-spectrum therapy
  • Abscess drainage (correct)
  • Hematoma formation
  • New technologies for rapid identification

Which category of antibiotics are bound by hemoglobin and become less effective with hematoma formation?

  • Penicillins (correct)
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Tetracyclines
  • Macrolides

In the BACTERIA-C framework for selecting antibacterials, what does the 'C' stand for?

  • Culture and sensitivity results
  • Credit
  • Consideration of patient's risk for resistant pathogens (correct)
  • Coverage of antibiotic

When should attempts be made to de-escalate broad-spectrum therapy to a narrower spectrum?

<p>When culture and sensitivity results are available (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach regarding the spectrum of therapy when considering the patient's risk for resistant pathogens?

<p>Use the narrowest spectrum therapy possible (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have general knowledge of which antimicrobials cover which pathogens during antibiotic selection?

<p>To select the appropriate antibiotic based on the causative pathogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is emphasized for effective use of antibiotics?

<p>Coverage of antibiotic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common contraindication for antibiotic use?

<p>Allergy or hypersensitivities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are aminoglycosides less effective in the presence of purulent material?

<p>Reduced drug uptake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor to consider when selecting antibiotics according to the BACTERIA-C framework?

<p>Coverage of antibiotic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of source control in antibiotic therapy?

<p>Enhances antibiotic penetration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), what does Cmax refer to?

<p>Maximum or peak plasma concentration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is crucial when selecting an antibiotic?

<p>Renal and hepatic function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter in PK/PD is used to predict the effectiveness of antibiotic doses?

<p>AUC/MIC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines historically contraindicated in pediatrics?

<p>Higher risk of side effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential consideration for time-dependent killing antibiotics according to the text?

<p>Activity best correlates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept helps determine the total duration of antibiotic therapy?

<p>Time &gt; MIC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do serum drug concentrations play in selecting effective antibiotic doses?

<p>Helping to know which doses are effective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the PK in antibiotics pharmacokinetics stand for?

<p>Pharmacokinetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In antibiotic discovery, what does the concentration-time curves in serum describe?

<p>Antimicrobial effect over time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the PD in pharmacodynamics refer to?

<p>What the drug does to the body and bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'BACTERIA-C'?

<p>A framework for selecting antibacterials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do concentration-time curves in tissue and body fluids help analyze in antibiotics pharmacokinetics?

<p>Pharmacological effects over time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of antibiotics, what does 'Cmax' or 'peak' represent?

<p>The highest concentration achieved in serum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of examining the clinical process of rationale and appropriate antibiotic therapy selection?

<p>To recognize patient- and disease-specific factors that influence antibiotic choice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way can electronic medical resources be utilized to optimize antimicrobial dosing?

<p>To select appropriate doses and screen for drug interactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does antibiotic resistance compare to COVID-19 in terms of deaths in 2020?

<p>COVID-19 had more excess deaths than antibiotic resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept is highlighted as essential in the clinical process of antibiotic therapy selection?

<p>The BACTERIA-C concept (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated number of patients who experienced death due to antibiotic resistance as a contributor in the given text?

<p>5,000,000 patients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to recognize patient- and disease-specific factors in antibiotic therapy selection?

<p>To tailor treatment and optimize patient outcomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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