Antimicrobial Therapy Principles
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Questions and Answers

What is the main factor highlighted in the text to improve antibiotic activity at the site of infection?

  • Broad-spectrum therapy
  • Abscess drainage (correct)
  • Hematoma formation
  • New technologies for rapid identification
  • Which category of antibiotics are bound by hemoglobin and become less effective with hematoma formation?

  • Penicillins (correct)
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Tetracyclines
  • Macrolides
  • In the BACTERIA-C framework for selecting antibacterials, what does the 'C' stand for?

  • Culture and sensitivity results
  • Credit
  • Consideration of patient's risk for resistant pathogens (correct)
  • Coverage of antibiotic
  • When should attempts be made to de-escalate broad-spectrum therapy to a narrower spectrum?

    <p>When culture and sensitivity results are available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach regarding the spectrum of therapy when considering the patient's risk for resistant pathogens?

    <p>Use the narrowest spectrum therapy possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to have general knowledge of which antimicrobials cover which pathogens during antibiotic selection?

    <p>To select the appropriate antibiotic based on the causative pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is emphasized for effective use of antibiotics?

    <p>Coverage of antibiotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common contraindication for antibiotic use?

    <p>Allergy or hypersensitivities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are aminoglycosides less effective in the presence of purulent material?

    <p>Reduced drug uptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor to consider when selecting antibiotics according to the BACTERIA-C framework?

    <p>Coverage of antibiotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of source control in antibiotic therapy?

    <p>Enhances antibiotic penetration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), what does Cmax refer to?

    <p>Maximum or peak plasma concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is crucial when selecting an antibiotic?

    <p>Renal and hepatic function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter in PK/PD is used to predict the effectiveness of antibiotic doses?

    <p>AUC/MIC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines historically contraindicated in pediatrics?

    <p>Higher risk of side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential consideration for time-dependent killing antibiotics according to the text?

    <p>Activity best correlates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept helps determine the total duration of antibiotic therapy?

    <p>Time &gt; MIC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do serum drug concentrations play in selecting effective antibiotic doses?

    <p>Helping to know which doses are effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the PK in antibiotics pharmacokinetics stand for?

    <p>Pharmacokinetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In antibiotic discovery, what does the concentration-time curves in serum describe?

    <p>Antimicrobial effect over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the PD in pharmacodynamics refer to?

    <p>What the drug does to the body and bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'BACTERIA-C'?

    <p>A framework for selecting antibacterials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do concentration-time curves in tissue and body fluids help analyze in antibiotics pharmacokinetics?

    <p>Pharmacological effects over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of antibiotics, what does 'Cmax' or 'peak' represent?

    <p>The highest concentration achieved in serum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of examining the clinical process of rationale and appropriate antibiotic therapy selection?

    <p>To recognize patient- and disease-specific factors that influence antibiotic choice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way can electronic medical resources be utilized to optimize antimicrobial dosing?

    <p>To select appropriate doses and screen for drug interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does antibiotic resistance compare to COVID-19 in terms of deaths in 2020?

    <p>COVID-19 had more excess deaths than antibiotic resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept is highlighted as essential in the clinical process of antibiotic therapy selection?

    <p>The BACTERIA-C concept</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the estimated number of patients who experienced death due to antibiotic resistance as a contributor in the given text?

    <p>5,000,000 patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to recognize patient- and disease-specific factors in antibiotic therapy selection?

    <p>To tailor treatment and optimize patient outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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