30 Questions
What is the main factor highlighted in the text to improve antibiotic activity at the site of infection?
Abscess drainage
Which category of antibiotics are bound by hemoglobin and become less effective with hematoma formation?
Penicillins
In the BACTERIA-C framework for selecting antibacterials, what does the 'C' stand for?
Consideration of patient's risk for resistant pathogens
When should attempts be made to de-escalate broad-spectrum therapy to a narrower spectrum?
When culture and sensitivity results are available
What is the recommended approach regarding the spectrum of therapy when considering the patient's risk for resistant pathogens?
Use the narrowest spectrum therapy possible
Why is it important to have general knowledge of which antimicrobials cover which pathogens during antibiotic selection?
To select the appropriate antibiotic based on the causative pathogen
Which factor is emphasized for effective use of antibiotics?
Coverage of antibiotic
What is a common contraindication for antibiotic use?
Allergy or hypersensitivities
Why are aminoglycosides less effective in the presence of purulent material?
Reduced drug uptake
What is a key factor to consider when selecting antibiotics according to the BACTERIA-C framework?
Coverage of antibiotic
What is the significance of source control in antibiotic therapy?
Enhances antibiotic penetration
In the context of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), what does Cmax refer to?
Maximum or peak plasma concentration
Which factor is crucial when selecting an antibiotic?
Renal and hepatic function
Which parameter in PK/PD is used to predict the effectiveness of antibiotic doses?
AUC/MIC
Why are fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines historically contraindicated in pediatrics?
Higher risk of side effects
What is an essential consideration for time-dependent killing antibiotics according to the text?
Activity best correlates
Which concept helps determine the total duration of antibiotic therapy?
Time > MIC
What role do serum drug concentrations play in selecting effective antibiotic doses?
Helping to know which doses are effective
What does the PK in antibiotics pharmacokinetics stand for?
Pharmacokinetics
In antibiotic discovery, what does the concentration-time curves in serum describe?
Antimicrobial effect over time
What does the PD in pharmacodynamics refer to?
What the drug does to the body and bacteria
What is 'BACTERIA-C'?
A framework for selecting antibacterials
What do concentration-time curves in tissue and body fluids help analyze in antibiotics pharmacokinetics?
Pharmacological effects over time
In the context of antibiotics, what does 'Cmax' or 'peak' represent?
The highest concentration achieved in serum
What is the main objective of examining the clinical process of rationale and appropriate antibiotic therapy selection?
To recognize patient- and disease-specific factors that influence antibiotic choice
In what way can electronic medical resources be utilized to optimize antimicrobial dosing?
To select appropriate doses and screen for drug interactions
How does antibiotic resistance compare to COVID-19 in terms of deaths in 2020?
COVID-19 had more excess deaths than antibiotic resistance
What concept is highlighted as essential in the clinical process of antibiotic therapy selection?
The BACTERIA-C concept
What was the estimated number of patients who experienced death due to antibiotic resistance as a contributor in the given text?
5,000,000 patients
Why is it important to recognize patient- and disease-specific factors in antibiotic therapy selection?
To tailor treatment and optimize patient outcomes
This quiz covers principles of antimicrobial therapy including selecting antibacterials, bugs associated with presenting signs/symptoms, drug activity, coverage, duration of therapy, effective doses, and more. Credit to Haya Njjar, M.D., UC San Diego, with modifications by R.Lewis.
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