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Questions and Answers
Which antibiotic inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis?
What is a potential adverse effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics on the body's flora?
Which antibiotic can be used to treat superinfection caused by bacteria?
What is the early manifestation of superinfection caused by alteration in normal body flora?
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What is the mechanism of action of B-Lactam antibiotics?
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Which class of antibiotics share a B-lactam ring in their molecular structure?
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Which class of antibiotics is usually combined with clavulanic acid or sulbactam to cover B-lactamase producing bacteria?
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Which antibiotic is specifically active against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?
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Which antibiotic is associated with the side effect of thrombocytopenia and gastrointestinal disturbance?
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Which class of antibiotics is known for causing yellow discoloration of teeth due to their chelating properties with calcium?
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Which antibiotic class is specifically indicated for resistant infections and should be discouraged for empiric use in minor infections?
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Which antibiotics are usually inactivated by B-lactamase enzyme?
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Which antibiotic class inhibits 30S ribosomal subunit and has the most important adverse effect of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity?
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Study Notes
Antibiotics and Their Mechanisms
- B-Lactam antibiotics inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.
- The mechanism of action of B-Lactam antibiotics involves inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Adverse Effects of Antibiotics
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics can alter the body's flora, leading to potential adverse effects.
- A potential adverse effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics on the body's flora is superinfection.
Superinfection
- Superinfection caused by alteration in normal body flora often manifests early with diarrhea.
- Antibiotics can be used to treat superinfection caused by bacteria.
B-Lactam Antibiotics
- B-Lactam antibiotics share a B-lactam ring in their molecular structure.
- Antibiotics like penicillins and cephalosporins are B-Lactam antibiotics.
Antibiotic Resistance
- B-Lactamase producing bacteria can be covered by combining antibiotics with clavulanic acid or sulbactam.
- Antibiotics like Augmentin (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid) are used to combat B-Lactamase producing bacteria.
Antibiotic Specificity
- Vancomycin is specifically active against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
- Linezolid is associated with the side effects of thrombocytopenia and gastrointestinal disturbance.
Antibiotic Side Effects
- Tetracyclines are known for causing yellow discoloration of teeth due to their chelating properties with calcium.
- Aminoglycosides inhibit 30S ribosomal subunit and have the most important adverse effects of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.
Antibiotic Use
- Antibiotics like carbapenems should be reserved for resistant infections and discouraged for empiric use in minor infections.
- B-Lactam antibiotics are usually inactivated by B-Lactamase enzyme.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the classification and general adverse effects of antimicrobial chemotherapy. Learn about the inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, and nucleic acid synthesis. Understand the common adverse effects such as hypersensitivity, resistance, and superinfection.
