5 Questions
What is the definition of hypertension?
Systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mm Hg
What leads to increased arteriolar resistance in hypertension?
Increased peripheral vascular arteriolar smooth muscle tone
What are the potential consequences of chronic hypertension?
Congestive heart failure
How is arterial blood pressure related to cardiac output?
Directly proportional
How many categories is hypertension classified into for treatment management?
4
Study Notes
Hypertension Definition
- Hypertension is a medical condition characterized by elevated blood pressure in the arteries.
Factors Contributing to Increased Arteriolar Resistance
- Increased arteriolar resistance in hypertension is led by:
- Vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
- Hypertrophy of vascular smooth muscle (thickening of blood vessel walls)
- Increased blood volume
Potential Consequences of Chronic Hypertension
- Chronic hypertension can lead to:
- Cardiovascular disease (heart disease, heart failure, and stroke)
- Kidney damage (nephrosclerosis)
- Vision loss (hypertensive retinopathy)
- Cognitive decline and dementia
Arterial Blood Pressure and Cardiac Output
- Arterial blood pressure is directly proportional to cardiac output (the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute)
Classification of Hypertension for Treatment Management
- Hypertension is classified into two categories for treatment management:
- Primary (essential) hypertension (no identifiable cause)
- Secondary hypertension (caused by underlying medical conditions or medications)
Test your knowledge on antihypertensive agents and hypertension with this quiz. Learn about the definition and causes of hypertension, different categories of antihypertensive agents, and serious adverse effects associated with their use.
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