18 Questions
What is the primary function of antibodies produced during the humoral immune response?
To bind to and neutralize extracellular pathogens
Which type of antigen requires the direct involvement of T helper cells for effective antibody production by B cells?
Thymus-dependent antigens
What is the primary role of cytokines secreted by T helper cells during the humoral immune response?
To stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of B cells
Which immunoglobulin class is typically associated with the initial antibody response to a foreign antigen?
IgM
What is the primary mechanism by which B cells differentiate into antibody-producing plasma cells during the humoral immune response?
Cytokine-induced differentiation
Which of the following is a key characteristic of the long-term memory response in the humoral immune system?
Rapid production of high-affinity antibodies
What is the main role of the B7 molecules in the activation of TH cells?
To provide a co-stimulatory signal for proper antigen presentation and TH cell activation
What is the primary function of the CD40L molecule expressed on activated TH cells?
To induce B cell proliferation and antibody production
Which of the following cytokines secreted by TH cells is MOST important for inducing immunoglobulin class switching in B cells?
IL-4
What is the primary function of B cell memory cells generated during the primary immune response?
To rapidly proliferate and secrete antibodies upon re-exposure to the same antigen
What is the key difference between T cell-dependent (TD) and T cell-independent (TI) antigens in terms of B cell activation?
TD antigens require the help of TH cells for B cell activation, while TI antigens do not
Which of the following is the MOST important step in the process of B cell activation and antibody production?
Direct contact between B cells and activated TH cells
What is the main function of B cell activation in the acquired immune response?
Produce antibodies to fight off pathogens
Which type of immune response involves antibody production by B lymphocytes?
Humoral immunity
How do T helper (TH) cells contribute to the immune response?
Release cytokines to activate other immune cells
What process involves B cells switching the class of immunoglobulins they produce?
Immunoglobulin class switching
Which action is NOT typically associated with cytokine secretion in the immune system?
Directly killing infected cells
During B cell activation, what is the primary role of antibodies produced by plasma cells?
Recognize and bind to specific antigens
Test your knowledge on the antigen presentation pathway in B cells, including internalization, processing, MHC II association, co-stimulatory interactions, and activation of T helper cells. Understand the role of molecules such as B7, CD28, CD40L, and CD40 in the immune response.
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