Antifungal and Antiviral Agents Quiz

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What is the primary route of administration for Amphotericin B in systemic infections?

Subcutaneous
Intramuscular
Intravenous (correct)
Oral

Which of the following drugs is primarily used for treating Aspergillus and Candida infections?

Itraconazole
Acyclovir
Griseofulvin
Caspofungin (correct)

What should be done to minimize nephrotoxicity when administering Amphotericin B?

Increase the frequency of administration
Infuse one liter of normal saline (correct)
Reduce the dose
Administer with food

What type of infections is Griseofulvin indicated for?

Dermatophytic infections (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding azole use in older adults?

Absorption of some antifungal agents may be unpredictable. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs inhibits viral replication by suppressing the synthesis of viral DNA?

Acyclovir (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main therapeutic action of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)?

Inhibition of neuraminidase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for oral Terbinafine?

Onychomycosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

Amphotericin B Pharmacokinetics

Amphotericin B is poorly absorbed by the GI tract, so it's given intravenously. Renal excretion is minimal, and complete elimination can take up to a year. To minimize kidney damage, patients should receive a liter of normal saline on days the drug is administered.

Itraconazole Drug Interactions

Itraconazole inhibits CYP3A4, an enzyme that breaks down many drugs. This can lead to higher levels of other medications in the body, such as clarithromycin, pimozide, dofetilide, and quinidine.

Caspofungin

Caspofungin is effective against Aspergillus and Candida infections. Common side effects include fever, injection site inflammation, headache, rash, nausea, and vomiting.

Griseofulvin Indications

Griseofulvin is used for skin, hair, and nail fungal infections caused by dermatophytes.

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Oral Terbinafine Indications

Oral terbinafine is used to treat ringworm and fungal infections of the nails (onychomycosis).

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Azole Use in Older Adults

Older adults are more prone to achlorhydria, making absorption of certain antifungals unpredictable. Azole antifungals can increase levels of warfarin, phenytoin, and oral hypoglycemics.

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Tinea Pedis Treatment

Tinea pedis, or athlete's foot, is treated with topical antifungal medications. Patients should wear cotton socks, change shoes frequently, and keep their feet dry after bathing.

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