Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following criteria is NOT used to diagnose epilepsy?
Which of the following criteria is NOT used to diagnose epilepsy?
- A history of 1 unprovoked seizure, and a clearcut epilepsy syndrome demonstrated by electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities
- A history of 2 unprovoked seizures over 24 hours apart
- A history of 1 provoked seizure due to fever (correct)
- A history of 1 unprovoked seizure, and a > 60% chance of having another seizure in the next 10 years
What is the minimum time gap required between 2 unprovoked seizures for the diagnosis of epilepsy?
What is the minimum time gap required between 2 unprovoked seizures for the diagnosis of epilepsy?
- 72 hours
- 12 hours
- 48 hours
- 24 hours (correct)
Which anti-epileptic drug is represented by the abbreviation 'CBZ'?
Which anti-epileptic drug is represented by the abbreviation 'CBZ'?
- Gabapentin
- Ethosuximide
- Levetiracetam
- Carbamazepine (correct)
What does EEG stand for in the context of epilepsy diagnosis?
What does EEG stand for in the context of epilepsy diagnosis?
How many unprovoked seizures are required for a patient to be diagnosed with epilepsy, according to the provided text?
How many unprovoked seizures are required for a patient to be diagnosed with epilepsy, according to the provided text?
What is the abbreviation for the anti-epileptic drug 'Phenobarbital'?
What is the abbreviation for the anti-epileptic drug 'Phenobarbital'?
Which anti-epileptic drug is commonly known as 'divalproex'?
Which anti-epileptic drug is commonly known as 'divalproex'?
Which organization published the report on the treatment of new-onset epilepsy?
Which organization published the report on the treatment of new-onset epilepsy?
Where can the Ontario Epilepsy Guidelines be found?
Where can the Ontario Epilepsy Guidelines be found?
Who authored the article 'Antiseizure medications: Mechanism of action, pharmacology, and adverse effects'?
Who authored the article 'Antiseizure medications: Mechanism of action, pharmacology, and adverse effects'?
What is the DOI of the report on the treatment of new-onset epilepsy?
What is the DOI of the report on the treatment of new-onset epilepsy?
Who is the publisher of UpToDate?
Who is the publisher of UpToDate?
What is the title of the clinical guidelines for the management of epilepsy in adults and children?
What is the title of the clinical guidelines for the management of epilepsy in adults and children?
Which organization is responsible for the content of UpToDate?
Which organization is responsible for the content of UpToDate?
When were the Ontario Epilepsy Guidelines licensed?
When were the Ontario Epilepsy Guidelines licensed?
Who reviewed the content of UpToDate?
Who reviewed the content of UpToDate?
What do anti-epileptic agents primarily target to prevent firing of abnormally excitable neurons?
What do anti-epileptic agents primarily target to prevent firing of abnormally excitable neurons?
What is the recommended duration of antiepileptic therapy before considering discontinuation?
What is the recommended duration of antiepileptic therapy before considering discontinuation?
Which type of seizures originate from a neural network in only one side of the brain and can have motor and/or non-motor components?
Which type of seizures originate from a neural network in only one side of the brain and can have motor and/or non-motor components?
What is the term used to describe the risk of experiencing a seizure?
What is the term used to describe the risk of experiencing a seizure?
Which class of drugs, including phenobarbital and primidone, is associated with chronic side effects like behavioral and cognitive problems, mood changes, and sedation?
Which class of drugs, including phenobarbital and primidone, is associated with chronic side effects like behavioral and cognitive problems, mood changes, and sedation?
Which triggers are known to be associated with seizures?
Which triggers are known to be associated with seizures?
What is upregulation of Synaptic Vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) linked to?
What is upregulation of Synaptic Vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) linked to?
Which type of drug is associated with permanent vision loss as a side effect?
Which type of drug is associated with permanent vision loss as a side effect?
Which type of drug may require early dose adjustment after delivery to avoid toxicity?
Which type of drug may require early dose adjustment after delivery to avoid toxicity?
Which type of drug is associated with chronic and idiosyncratic side effects, with complex dosing due to saturation kinetics?
Which type of drug is associated with chronic and idiosyncratic side effects, with complex dosing due to saturation kinetics?
Which type of drug is associated with teratogenicity and hepatic toxicity as common side effects?
Which type of drug is associated with teratogenicity and hepatic toxicity as common side effects?
Which type of drug's metabolism is induced during pregnancy?
Which type of drug's metabolism is induced during pregnancy?
Which type of drug may increase fetal vitamin K degradation, necessitating routine administration of vitamin K to newborns?
Which type of drug may increase fetal vitamin K degradation, necessitating routine administration of vitamin K to newborns?
According to the text, what should be the primary consideration when choosing an epilepsy treatment drug?
According to the text, what should be the primary consideration when choosing an epilepsy treatment drug?
Study Notes
Antiepileptic Drug Properties and Side Effects
- Carboxylic acid derivatives include valproic acid/divalproex with CNS and GI side effects, teratogenicity, and hepatic toxicity
- GABA derivatives like vigabatrin and gabapentin have CNS and vision-related side effects, with vigabatrin causing permanent vision loss
- Hydantoin derivatives such as phenytoin have chronic and idiosyncratic side effects, with complex dosing due to saturation kinetics
- Iminostilbene derivative oxcarbazepine causes CNS effects and hyponatremia, and its metabolism is induced during pregnancy
- Oxcarbazepine levels rise quickly after delivery, requiring early dose adjustment to avoid toxicity
- Enzyme-inducing AEDs may increase fetal vitamin K degradation, necessitating routine administration of vitamin K to newborns
- The drug of choice for epilepsy treatment should be the one that best controls seizures
- Teratogenicity and hepatic toxicity are common side effects of carboxylic acid derivatives
- GABA derivatives like vigabatrin and gabapentin have CNS and vision-related side effects, with vigabatrin causing permanent vision loss
- Hydantoin derivatives such as phenytoin have chronic and idiosyncratic side effects, with complex dosing due to saturation kinetics
- Iminostilbene derivative oxcarbazepine causes CNS effects and hyponatremia, and its metabolism is induced during pregnancy
- Oxcarbazepine levels rise quickly after delivery, requiring early dose adjustment to avoid toxicity
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Description
Test your knowledge of antiepileptic drug properties and side effects with this quiz. Explore the effects of carboxylic acid, GABA, hydantoin, and iminostilbene derivatives, as well as considerations for pregnancy and newborns.
