32 Questions
What is the role of the immune system in the body?
Defending against infection
What are pathogens?
Cells that cause diseases
What do antigens do in the immune system?
Recognize foreign cells
How does the immune system distinguish between foreign cells and 'self' cells?
Based on molecules found on cell surfaces
What is the general vulnerability of pathogens?
They only infect humans
What is the main function of antibodies in the immune system?
To defend against infection
What is a zoonosis?
A pathogen that has evolved to cross the species barrier
What is the significance of knowing one's blood group?
It is important for identifying potential blood donors
What stimulates antibody production in a person with a different blood group during a blood transfusion?
Antigens on the surface of red blood cells
What can occur if the wrong blood type is given during a transfusion?
Agglutination
What is done to prevent mismatches during blood transfusions?
Testing for the presence of specific antigens using antibodies
Which statement accurately describes a zoonosis?
It has evolved to cross the species barrier and infect different species
What causes agglutination during a mismatched blood transfusion?
Reaction between donor antibodies and recipient's antigens
Why are zoonotic diseases of global health concern?
They can spread rapidly due to increased contact between humans and animals
What determines a person's blood group?
The antigens found on the surface of their red blood cells
What is the primary function of antigens on the surface of red blood cells?
To trigger antibody production in response to foreign substances
What method did Mohandas Gandhi champion to resist colonial rule in India?
Soul force
What is the basis of satyagraha, or 'soul force'?
Sacrificing oneself for justice
Why did the Indian National Congress need to expand its appeal?
To challenge British rule
What did Gandhi emphasize in his approach to resisting colonial rule?
Infliction of suffering on the opponent
What does 'soul force' involve according to Gandhi's philosophy?
Sacrificing oneself for justice
What concept did Gandhi's non-violent resistance stem from?
'Soul force'
What was the purpose of the hartal in the context of Satyagraha?
To protest against British goods
Why did Gandhi consciously reject Western values?
To connect with the mass of the Indian peasantry
What did non-violent resistance exploit as Britain's greatest weakness in India?
British economy's reliance on the subcontinent
What prompted Gandhi to change Congress into a mass nationalist movement?
Inclusiveness based on class, ethnic, and religious lines
What earned Gandhi respect and support from tenant farmers, industrial workers, and poor farmers?
Identification with their problems
Why did non-violent resistance suit the Indian élite?
They feared destabilization from armed struggle
What was the Khalifat movement's impact on Gandhi's support base?
One of his strongest sources of support
What allowed Gandhi to connect with the mass of the Indian peasantry?
Appeal to traditional cultural values
What was the effect of simply boycotting British goods?
It would have a massive effect on the colonial power's ability to trade successfully
What was the main reason for Gandhi to establish an ashram committed to non-violence and self-sufficiency?
To connect with the Indian peasantry
Test your knowledge on the immune system, antibody production, vaccination, and pathogens. This quiz covers the understanding of unique molecules on cell surfaces and key terms such as antigens.
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