Antibody Production and Immune System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Immuno assays?

  • Isolating or quantifying the level of specific proteins (correct)
  • Identifying protein-protein interactions
  • Mapping the structure of antibodies
  • Quantifying the level of hormones

    • What is the main purpose of Immunoblotting?

  • Mapping the structure of antibodies
  • Identifying protein-protein interactions
  • Looking at contents of a specific protein of interest (correct)
  • Locating the tissue and subcellular localization of specific proteins

    • What is the function of Immunoprecipitation?

  • Mapping the structure of antibodies
  • Quantifying the level of hormones
  • Looking at the contents of a specific protein of interest
  • Using antibodies to recognize specific proteins like T4, insulin, glucagon, etc. (correct)

    • What is the primary purpose of FACS (Fluorescence-activated cell sorting)?

    <p>Quantifying the level of specific proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what context are antibodies used against the EGF receptor?

    <p>Therapeutic purposes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is used to detect the amount of a specific protein in a mixture?

    <p>Immunoblotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of incubating cells with antibodies that recognize cell surface proteins in Fluorescence Assisted Cell Sorting (FACS)?

    <p>To sort cells based on molecular characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main principle behind immunoprecipitation?

    <p>Using antibodies to purify an antigen present in a complex mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of charged deflector plates in Fluorescence Assisted Cell Sorting (FACS)?

    <p>To separate various cell populations present in a mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of secondary antibody conjugated at the surface of beads in immunoprecipitation?

    <p>To pull down and separate antibody from the mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In competitive ELISA, what is the purpose of using an inhibitor antigen?

    <p>To compete with the target protein for antibody binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of sandwich ELISA over direct and indirect ELISAs?

    <p>It is more specific as the antigen has to bind to two antibodies to be detected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of epitope mapping in antibody design and vaccine development?

    <p>To experimentally identify the binding sites of antibodies on their target antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between direct labeling and indirect labeling in immuno-microscopy?

    <p>Direct labeling involves one antibody as both the primary and detector, while indirect labeling uses two antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enables ELISAs to be quantitative when used with a standard curve?

    <p>Known amounts of antigen are used for comparison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about polyclonal antibodies is most accurate?

    <p>Polyclonal antibodies are a population of antibodies binding different epitopes of the same antigen, generated by different B cell clones and primarily used for research and diagnosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are monoclonal antibodies generated?

    <p>Monoclonal antibodies are generated by a single B-cell clone called hybridoma and are used in various fields including therapy due to their specificity and reproducibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the use of monoclonal antibodies?

    <p>Monoclonal antibodies are used in therapy due to their specificity and reproducibility between batches, and they can be tested for reactivity to the antigen and grown in large quantities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major difference between polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies?

    <p>Polyclonal antibodies are a population of antibodies binding different epitopes of the same antigen, while monoclonal antibodies bind a single epitope on the antigen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antibodies are primarily used for research and diagnosis?

    <p>Polyclonal antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Harnessing the Immune System for Antibody Production

    • Antibodies are produced in response to antigens and are naturally produced by B-lymphocytes in the body's adaptive immune system.
    • Antibodies are composed of two heavy chains and two light chains, with a variable region containing the specific antigen binding site and a constant region divided into five different classes.
    • The two major classes of antibodies used in immunochemistry are polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, each with distinct characteristics and applications.
    • Polyclonal antibodies are a population of antibodies binding different epitopes of the same antigen, generated by different B cell clones and primarily used for research and diagnosis.
    • Polyclonal antibodies are produced in animals by injecting them with antigens, isolating and purifying the antibodies from the animal blood serum.
    • Monoclonal antibodies bind a single epitope on the antigen, are generated by a single B-cell clone called hybridoma, and are used in various fields including therapy due to their specificity and reproducibility.
    • Hybridomas are obtained by fusing single lymphocytes from immunized mice with a single cancer cell, and the clone producing the antibody with the best properties is selected and grown in large quantities.
    • Antibodies can be conjugated with various molecules to allow detection by colorimetric and fluorimetric methods, immuno selection, immuno precipitation, and immunoassays.
    • The vast majority of immunoassays, particularly enzyme immunosorbent assays (ELISA), are commonly used for diagnosing infectious agents such as viruses and quantitatively measuring substances in blood like hormones, cytokines, and chemokines in research and hospital settings.
    • Polyclonal antibodies are cheaper to produce but less specific and more variable from batch to batch, while monoclonal antibodies are more expensive to produce but have less batch to batch variation and are more specific.
    • Animals like rabbits, goats, and donkeys are usually employed to produce polyclonal antibodies due to their larger size, while mice and rats are not used as they are too small.
    • Monoclonal antibodies are used in therapy due to their specificity and reproducibility between batches, and they can be tested for reactivity to the antigen and grown in large quantities.

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    Related Documents

    Immunochemical Techniques HSS 3109 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of antibody production and immune system harnessing with this quiz. Explore the differences between polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, their applications, and the process of antibody production. Dive into the world of immunochemistry and learn about the various techniques and assays used in research and diagnostics.

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