31 Questions
What is the primary function of agglutination by antibodies?
Preventing pathogen binding to cells
What is the main role of opsonization in the immune response?
Promoting phagocytosis
Which antibody function involves activating Fc receptors on natural killer cells to induce apoptosis of infected cells?
Anti-body dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity
What is the main function of a plasma cell?
Antibody secretion
Where does somatic hypermutation occur?
Lymph node
During which stage of the immune response does somatic hypermutation occur?
Late primary response
What leads to optimal B-cell activation?
Antigen binding and co-stimulatory signals from Th cells
When does antibody class switching occur during the immune response?
After somatic hypermutation
What is the main function of a B cell?
To secrete antibodies capable of binding to an organism, microbe or molecule
How do plasma cells differ from mature B-cells in terms of structure and function?
Plasma cells don't have BCRs while mature B-cells do
Which antimicrobial mechanism involves antibodies binding to a target and promoting its engulfment by phagocytic cells?
Opsonization
What is the general role of memory B cells?
To allow for a faster and more forceful secondary response to a repeat antigen
Which antibody class is primarily involved in immediate hypersensitivity reactions, such as allergic responses?
IgE
Which cytokine is responsible for the initial development of B cells from hematopoietic stem cells?
IL-7
Which cell type is NOT derived from common lymphoid progenitors under the influence of IL-7?
Macrophages
Which cytokine stimulates class switching to IgE?
IL-4
What happens if the variable region of an antibody binds with lower affinity during somatic hypermutation?
The B-cell undergoes apoptosis
Which cytokine stimulates class switching to IgA?
TGF-beta
What is the role of IL-21 in antibody production?
Stimulates somatic hypermutation
What stimulates class switching to IgG subtypes?
INF-y
Where does the B-cell move during the late primary response to undergo somatic hypermutation?
Lymph nodes
Which antibody class is the best at activating complement system?
IgM
Which antibody class is most relevant in secretions of the Upper respiratory tract?
IgD
BCRs are checked for self-reactivity once and if they react to self-antigen they undergo apoptosis
False
Immature (transitional) B-cells travel from the bone marrow to the ________
spleen
Naive mature b-cells are sent to _______ via general circulation not lymphatic circulation
Lymph nodes
Where do most b-cells reside inside a lymph node?
Cortex
Where do T-cells reside inside a lymph nodes
Paracortex
In lymph nodes, Plasma cells are found in the....
Medulla
CD21 and CD19 help antigen bind to BCR
True
Which co-stimulatory interaction stimulates cytokine release by Tfh?
iCOSL on B cells with iCOS on Tfh
Test your knowledge on antibody production and class switching, including the different cytokines secreted by T-helper cells and their induction of class switching to various immunoglobulin subtypes. This quiz material is based on Kuby Immunology (6th ed) Figure 11-19, page 271.
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