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Antibiotics: Rifamycins and Rifampicin

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Questions and Answers

What is the origin of Rifampicin?

Synthetic laboratory compound

Marine algae

Bacterial fermentation by _E. coli_

Soil mold _Streptomyces_ (correct)

Which rifamycin must NOT be given as a single agent in the treatment of active tuberculosis?

Rifabutin

Rifapentine

Rifampicin (correct)

All of the above

How does Rifampicin inhibit mRNA synthesis?

By interacting with the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase

By binding to the DNA template strand

By interacting with the beta subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (correct)

By inhibiting ribosomal function

Which drug has a broader antimicrobial activity compared to Isoniazid?

Rifampicin Signup and view all the answers

Which step of mRNA synthesis does Rifampicin suppress?

Initiation Signup and view all the answers

What must always be used in conjunction with Rifamycin when treating tuberculosis?

Another antituberculosis drug to which the isolate is susceptible Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Rifamycins

Rifamycins are a group of macrocyclic antibiotics used as first-line drugs for tuberculosis.
Includes Rifampicin, Rifabutin, and Rifapentine.
Must be used in conjunction with at least one other antituberculosis drug to which the isolate is susceptible.

Rifampicin

Derived from the soil mold Streptomyces.
Has a broader antimicrobial activity than isoniazid.
Used in the treatment of various bacterial infections.
Never given as a single agent in the treatment of active tuberculosis due to rapid emergence of resistant strains.

Mechanism of Action

Blocks RNA transcription by interacting with the beta subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
Inhibits mRNA synthesis by suppressing the initiation step.
Specifically, Rifampicin binds with the beta subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, leading to inhibition of mRNA synthesis.

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Description

Rifamycins are a group of antibiotics used to treat tuberculosis, including Rifampicin, Rifabutin, and Rifapentine. Learn about their uses, characteristics, and importance in treating TB.