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Antibiotics Mechanism of Action Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which antibiotic inhibits the synthesis of essential metabolites?

Chloramphenicol

Sulfonamides (correct)

Streptomycin

Tetracyclines

Which antibiotic works by inhibiting DNA-directed RNA polymerase?

Vancomycin

Erythromycin

Nalidixic acid (correct)

Ciprofloxacin

Which antibiotic inhibits protein synthesis by targeting tRNA?

Clindamycin

Gentamicin (correct)

Rifampin

Novobiocin

Which antibiotic has an inhibitory action on the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes?

Lincomycin Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of action of sulfonamides and trimethoprim?

Competitively inhibit formation of Dihydrofolic acid Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria are commonly affected by the inhibition of precursor synthesis by sulfonamides and trimethoprim?

E. coli and S. pneumoniae Signup and view all the answers

How do trimethoprim antimicrobials inhibit the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid?

Bind to the dihydrofolate reductase enzyme Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of inhibition of precursor synthesis by sulfonamides and trimethoprim?

Prevent the formation of nucleotides required for DNA and RNA synthesis Signup and view all the answers

How do aminoglycosides inhibit bacterial protein synthesis?

By binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit and blocking the initiation complex Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of action of tetracyclines in inhibiting protein synthesis?

Reversibly binding to the 30S ribosome and inhibiting peptide bond formation Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics act at the level of the 50S ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis?

Chloramphenicol Signup and view all the answers

How do aminoglycosides synergize with Beta-lactam antibiotics?

Beta-lactams inhibit cell wall synthesis and thereby increase the permeability of the aminoglycosides Signup and view all the answers