Anti-diabetic Medications Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which medication is considered the first choice for most clients who have type 2 diabetes?

  • Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)
  • Alpha glucosidase inhibitors
  • Biguanides (correct)
  • Sulfonylureas

What is the primary function of DPP-4 inhibitors (gliptins) in managing type 2 diabetes?

  • Aid in slowing carbohydrate absorption and digestion
  • Promote weight loss
  • Lowers fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels (correct)
  • Increase glucose absorption in the gastrointestinal tract

What is the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes?

  • Enhances cellular response to insulin
  • Decreases glucose absorption in the gastrointestinal tract
  • Limits the rise of glucose postprandial (correct)
  • Increases glucose uptake in fat and skeletal muscles

Which medication slows carbohydrate absorption and digestion?

<p>Alpha glucosidase inhibitors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Thiazolidinediones (glitazones) in managing diabetes?

<p>Increases cellular response to insulin by decreasing insulin resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of Metformin?

<p>Anorexia, nausea, and diarrhea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the management of lactic acidosis caused by Metformin?

<p>Consider hemodialysis for severe cases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable side effect of Pioglitazone?

<p>Fluid retention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is associated with manifestations of pancreatitis reported by clients?

<p>Semaglutide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the nursing actions recommended for clients taking Acarbose experiencing gastrointestinal effects?

<p>Monitor the effects and consider discontinuing the medication if necessary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medication is contraindicated for clients with alcohol use disorder?

<p>Metformin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which oral antidiabetic medication is contraindicated in clients with severe infection, shock, kidney impairment, and hypoxic conditions?

<p>Metformin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reaction can concurrent use of alcohol and Glipizide lead to?

<p>Disulfiram-like reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about Pioglitazone is true?

<p>It is contraindicated for clients with severe heart failure and bladder cancer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of concurrent use of Acarbose with sulfonylureas or insulin?

<p>Hypoglycemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do when a client is on Canagliflozin and also using rifampin, phenytoin, or phenobarbital?

<p>Monitor glucose levels and consider a dose reduction of Canagliflozin. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action for Glipizide administration?

<p>Administer it 30 minutes before breakfast. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should Metformin immediate-release tablets be taken?

<p>Twice per day with breakfast and dinner. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can increase the risk of hypoglycemia when using Semaglutide?

<p>Concurrent use with agents that increase insulin secretion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should Acarbose be taken?

<p>With the first bite of food, three times per day. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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