Anti-Armor Weapon Systems Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the minimum engagement range for the Javelin missile using the top attack mode?

  • 500 meters
  • 150 meters (correct)
  • 250 meters
  • 65 meters
  • Which component of the Javelin system initiates the missile firing sequence?

  • Fire Trigger (correct)
  • Attack Select Switch
  • Gate Adjust/Contrast & Brightness Switch
  • Seeker Trigger
  • What does the "NVS NOT COOL" indicator on the CLU display mean?

  • The Night Vision Sight has not reached operating temperature. (correct)
  • The CLU is not connected to the missile.
  • The Seeker mode is not activated.
  • The missile has not reached operating temperature.
  • What are the two attack modes available on the Javelin missile?

    <p>Direct and Top (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component on the Javelin system initiates seeker mode and lock-on?

    <p>Seeker Trigger (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the "MSL CONN" indicator on the CLU display indicate?

    <p>The CLU is connected to the missile but the Seeker mode is not activated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum range of the Javelin missile?

    <p>2500 meters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the Left Handgrip Controls on the Javelin CLU?

    <p>Attack select switch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a 'hot' position for an anti-armor weapon system?

    <p>To provide good fields of fire for the weapon system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of the 'frontal' fire pattern for anti-armor weapons?

    <p>It allows for flank shots and targets are not observing the weapon system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which fire pattern are targets engaged in depth with one section engaging the nearest targets and the other the furthest?

    <p>Depth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of a passive armor protection system?

    <p>Spaced armor plates. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum range of the BGM-71F (TOW 2B) missile?

    <p>3,750 Meters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum arming distance of the BGM-71E (TOW 2A) missile?

    <p>65 Meters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of 'kill windows' in anti-armor operations?

    <p>They allow anti-armor gunners a brief opportunity to engage targets moving between two covered areas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of fire control requires good communication among team members?

    <p>A: On-Order Fire Control. B: Direct Fire Control C: Coordinated Fire Control. D: Fire Pattern Control. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which missile features a titanium chisel point nose end?

    <p>BGM-71H (TOW BB) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using a 'cross' fire pattern for anti-armor weapons?

    <p>It creates multiple flanking shots against the target's armor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mission of anti-armor warfare?

    <p>Destroy enemy armored vehicles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum effective range of the Saber?

    <p>3750m (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fire support against point targets, such as bunkers and crew-served weapons?

    <p>Suppression and neutralization of enemy positions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which missile was fielded in 2004?

    <p>BGM-71F-6 (TOW 2B Aero GEN II) (A), BGM-71F-3 (TOW 2B Aero) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these subsystems is NOT part of the Saber?

    <p>Laser Rangefinder (LRF) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which missile features a fly over shoot down capability?

    <p>BGM-71F (TOW 2B) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Position Attitude Determination Subsystem (PADS)?

    <p>To provide accurate geographic coordinates for the system and target (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weight of the BGM-71C (ITOW) missile?

    <p>55.7 lbs encased (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum number of satellites required by PADS to determine its own position?

    <p>4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which missile features a thermal beacon?

    <p>BGM-71D (TOW 2) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Aided Target Tracking (ATT) feature?

    <p>To improve the missile track and increase the percentage of hits and kills (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Traversing Unit (TU) elevation brake?

    <p>To stabilize the Saber during launch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Saber utilize to provide Forward Targeting Location (FTL) capability?

    <p>Position Attitude Determination Subsystem (PADS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the magnification of the Night Vision Sight (NVS) with zoom function maximized?

    <p>96X (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic differentiating a Primary position from an Alternate position?

    <p>Different Position (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of enemy weapon is LEAST likely to pose a significant threat to a friendly weapon?

    <p>A weapon that cannot target the friendly weapon or is too weak to destroy it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the MOST important factor to consider when choosing an anti-armor position?

    <p>The availability of cover and concealment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of a Main Battle Tank (MBT) in an anti-armor role?

    <p>Powerful main gun capable of penetrating heavy armor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a KEY limitation of Anti-Tank Guided Missiles (ATGM) in an anti-armor role?

    <p>Vulnerability to enemy fire and slow rate of fire (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these describes a KEY difference between LAV-25 and LAV-25AT variants?

    <p>LAV-25 is armed with a 25mm cannon, while LAV-25AT is armed with a TOW missile launcher (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant limitation of light anti-armor weapons?

    <p>Their limited range puts the gunner in close proximity to the enemy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important factor to consider when deploying anti-armor weapons in a defensive position?

    <p>Ensuring a clear line of fire towards the most likely enemy approach. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method of anti-armor engagement?

    <p>Stealth Attack (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of HAW-MAW-LAW?

    <p>Allows for a longer engagement period. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of HAW-MAW-LAW?

    <p>Fewer targets engaged simultaneously. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of Mass Surprise Fires?

    <p>The enemy could bleed into friendly lines. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using rotary wing aircraft in anti-armor engagements?

    <p>To limit enemy visibility and deception. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of artillery is best suited for engaging lightly armored vehicles?

    <p>DPICM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major factor limiting the effectiveness of fixed-wing aircraft in anti-armor engagements?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor to consider while executing an anti-armor attack?

    <p>Civilian casualties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    M98A2 Javelin

    A fire-and-forget, man-portable anti-tank weapon system capable of medium range engagement.

    M98A2 Command Launch Unit (CLU)

    The reusable control system that includes sights, indicators, and gunner controls for the Javelin.

    Fire Trigger

    A control that initiates the missile firing sequence in the Javelin system.

    Seeker Trigger

    Activates seeker mode to lock on to the target for the Javelin missile.

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    Max Range of Javelin

    The maximum distance the Javelin can effectively engage a target, which is 2,500 meters.

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    Top Attack Mode

    The default missile path for Javelin that strikes from above, ideal for defeating armor.

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    Night Vision Sight (NVS)

    A sight used with the Javelin that enables targeting in low-light conditions.

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    CLU Display Indicators

    Visual cues on the Javelin’s CLU that inform the gunner about the system’s status and readiness.

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    Saber

    A heavy anti-tank precision fire weapon system designed to target armored vehicles.

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    Subsystems of Saber

    Includes launch tube, TAS, TU, tripod, FCS, LPS, and PADS.

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    PADS

    Position Attitude Determination Subsystem for geographic position accuracy.

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    TOW missiles

    Tube launched, optically tracked, wire-guided missile system used in Saber.

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    Max Effective Range

    The maximum distance (3750 m) at which the Saber can effectively engage a target.

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    NVS

    Night Vision Sight that enhances target visibility at night or in low light.

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    Aided Target Tracking (ATT)

    Improves missile tracking accuracy and increases hit and kill rates.

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    High first-round hit capability

    The Saber’s ability to hit stationary or moving targets on the first shot.

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    Event-Oriented Fire Control

    Procedure for determining enemy action before firing.

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    Most Dangerous Category

    Enemy weapons that can or are engaging friendly forces.

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    Dangerous Category

    Enemy weapons that could engage but haven't seen friendly forces yet.

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    Least Dangerous Category

    Enemy weapons that can't engage or aren't powerful enough to destroy friendly forces.

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    Primary Position

    Main position for enemy engagement.

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    Anti-Armor Positioning Keys

    Five elements important for anti-armor positioning: cover, concealment, dispersion, mutual support, standoff range, flank shots.

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    Main Battle Tank (MBT)

    Tank with a 120mm cannon; rapid rate of fire, vulnerable to air, size restricts defense positioning.

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    Light Anti-Armor Weapons

    Weapons that can penetrate older tanks like T-62; highly portable but limited range.

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    BGM-71C (ITOW)

    Fielded in 1981 with a weight of 55.7 lbs, capable of max range 3,750 meters.

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    Max Range of TOW Missiles

    The maximum distance TOW missiles can travel, typically 3,750 meters for most versions.

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    BGM-71D (TOW 2)

    Launched in 1983; weight is 60.2 lbs with a warhead of 6.9 lbs.

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    BGM-71F (TOW 2B)

    Fielded in 1991, featuring a dual EFP warhead and min arming distance of 200 meters.

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    BGM-71F-3 (TOW 2B Aero)

    Introduced in 2004, extends range to 4,200 meters with aerodynamic improvements.

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    Warhead Types

    Different types of warheads include LX-14 explosive and EFP for various TOW versions.

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    Anti-Armor Mission

    Primary mission is to destroy enemy armored vehicles including tanks and APCs.

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    Min Arming Distance

    The minimum distance required for the missile to arm, varying from 65 to 200 meters.

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    Hot Position

    A position with good fields of fire and accommodates backblast for firing weapons.

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    Cold Position

    A position providing maximum cover and is defendable.

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    Frontal Fire Pattern

    Effective against enemy armor columns, allowing for flank shots.

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    Cross Fire Pattern

    Used when enemy vehicles assault directly; allows for cross and oblique shots.

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    Depth Fire Pattern

    Engages targets near and far; shifts focus as targets are destroyed.

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    Kill Window

    An area between two covered zones for an ATGM gunner to engage a moving target.

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    Active Protection

    Protective measures that actively emit or use devices to shield from threats.

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    On-Order Fire Control

    A method where one person controls fire commands, requiring good communication.

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    Mk-153 Penetration

    The Mk-153 can penetrate 600mm of armor plate.

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    50cal SLAP

    A round capable of penetrating light-skinned vehicles at 1500 meters.

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    40mm HEDP

    A round effective at penetrating targets at 2200 meters.

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    HAW-MAW-LAW

    Concept where anti-armor weapons engage targets at maximum effective ranges.

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    Advantages of Max Range Engagement

    Allows longer engagement time for more kills, but risks early detection.

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    Mass Surprise Fires

    Simultaneous engagement of enemy forces with all anti-armor weapons.

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    Disadvantages of Mass Surprise Fires

    Requires waiting for targets and risks being overrun.

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    Terrain Factors

    Terrain that affects anti-armor engagement strategies.

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    Study Notes

    Anti-Armor Weapon Systems

    • M98A2 Javelin: Man-portable, medium-range anti-tank weapon system. Consists of a Command Launch Unit (CLU) and a reusable Javelin round. Features: day/night sights, gunner controls, CLU display indicators, and a launch tube assembly (LTA).
    • Range: 2,500 meters. Minimum engagement range: top attack - 150 meters, direct attack - 65 meters. Capable of defeating current and projected armor.
    • M41A7 Saber: Heavy anti-tank precision fire weapon system. Consists of launch tube, target acquisition subsystem (TAS), traversing unit (TU), tripod, fire control subsystem (FCS), and lithium power source (LPS). Can operate day or night (NVS and day sights). Capable of using GPS for target location, using Laser Rangefinder (LRF).
    • TOW (Tube Launched, Optically Tracked, Wire-Guided) system: A tube-launched, optically tracked, wire to command link guided missile system. Features Max Effective Range - 3750 m, Min Range: 65 m, TOW2B Aero Max Range: 4200m, Min Range: 200m, Direct View Optic magnification (WFOV - 4X), NVS (NFOV - 12X, 2X, 4X, 12X). Can be magnified up to 96X.

    Ammunition Characteristics

    • BGM-71C (TOW): Fielded in 1981, Max Range- 3,750 Meters, Minimum Arming Distance- 65 Meters, Warhead- 4.5 lbs LX-14 explosive, Max Velocity- 296 m/sec (662 mph), Weight - 55.7 lbs, Improvements: Warhead, Extendable Probe.
    • BGM-71D (TOW 2): Fielded in 1983, Max Range- 3,750 Meters, Minimum Arming Distance- 65 Meters, Warhead- 6.9 lbs of LX-14 explosive, Max Velocity- 329 m/sec (736 mph), Weight - 60.2 lbs, Improvements: Warhead, Thermal Beacon, Flight Motor.
    • Other variants (BGM-71E, BGM-71F, BGM-71F-3, BGM-71H) are also detailed, including varying ranges, warheads, velocities, weights, and improvements like precursor charges, aerodynamic ogives, and use of CAPS

    Anti-Armor Weapon System Capabilities

    • Primary Mission: Destroy enemy armored vehicles.
    • Secondary Mission: Provide fire support against point targets (e.g., bunkers, crew-served weapons).
    • Firing Patterns: Standard techniques and use of platoon and section fire commands, used by tank, TOW, and Javelin sections (frontal and depth).
    • Deployment Methods: Primary position, supplementary positions (with missions different from the primary position), Alternate positions (same mission different position), Methods of displacement (by unit, by Echelon)

    Anti-Armor Capabilities/Limitations

    • Light, Medium, and Heavy Anti-Armor Weapons: Different capabilities and limitations; Main Battle Tanks (MBT) with 120mm cannon, rapid rate of fire (2 rounds in 12 seconds) are the most difficult weapons to suppress.
    • ATGM (Anti-Tank Guided Missiles): High first-round hit capability; TOW equipped on multiple platforms; vulnerable to enemy fire; slow time of flight in some models; easily identifiable heat signatures, restricting deployment. TOW variants (LAV-25 / LAV-25AT)
    • Rotary Wing Aircraft: Use TOW and Hellfire; penetrate MBT.
    • Artillery: Only 155mm (DPICM is better for lightweight armor); Copperhead requires laser designation.
    • Methods of Engagement: On Order Fire Control and Event-Oriented Fire Control. methods of engagement (e.g., Mass Surprise Fires, HAW-MAW-LAW (Heavy, Medium, and Light Anti-Armor Weapons)). This concept is employed against large armored formations, which gives friendly weapons longer time to engage enemy armor.

    Target Prioritization for Anti-Armor Weapons

    • Two Methods: On-Order Fire Control, and Event-Oriented Fire Control.
    • Weapon Categories:
      • Most Dangerous: Engages, or is preparing to engage a friendly weapon.
      • Dangerous: Could engage a friendly weapon but hasn't seen it yet.
      • Least Dangerous: Cannot engage or powerful enough to destroy a friendly weapon.

    Firing Positions

    • Primary Position: Alternate positions and supplementary positions often exist for the same mission but in different locations with different missions.
    • Methods of Displacement: By unit and by echelon. Keys to anti-armor positioning (Cover and Concealment, Dispersion, Mutual Support, Standoff Range, and Flank Shots).

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    Description

    Explore the key features and specifications of modern anti-armor weapon systems, including the M98A2 Javelin, M41A7 Saber, and TOW system. This quiz will test your knowledge on their range, capabilities, and components. Perfect for military enthusiasts and those studying defense technology.

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