13 Questions
Who among the ancient Greeks wrote detailed accounts of 'barbarian' peoples and compared their customs and beliefs to those of Athens?
Herodotos
Which group of philosophers were perhaps the first philosophical relativists, arguing that there can be no absolute truth?
Sophists
What is the main focus of anthropology based on the information provided?
Study of cultural variation
What is the main reason why Herodotos and the Sophists' interest in human variation and cultural values fell short of being scientific?
Herodotos lacked theory and the Sophists lacked empirical material
Who is considered a more credible ancestor of anthropology, based on the information provided?
Ibn Khaldun
What was the main achievement of Ibn Khaldun, as mentioned in the text?
Stressing differing forms of social cohesion as a key variable in accounting for historical change
What did the Sophists argue, similar to many twentieth-century anthropologists, according to the text?
They argued that there can be no absolute truth due to context-bound nature of truth
Who among the following argued that experience was the only trustworthy source of valid knowledge?
David Hume
Which philosopher saw the social conditions of 'savages' as a utopian ideal?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Who made important contributions to the beginnings of a systematic, comparative study of culture through Lettres Persanes (‘Persian letters’)?
Baron de Montesquieu
Which philosopher's philosophical approach became a source of inspiration for early social scientists due to its emphasis on experience?
David Hume
Who tried to combine mathematics and empirical facts to produce general laws of society?
Marquis de Condorcet
Which philosopher wrote detailed accounts of other peoples' customs and beliefs in the French Encyclopédie?
Denis Diderot
Explore the historical roots and early philosophical influences of anthropology, including the writings of Herodotos and the views of the Sophists. Learn about the study of cultural variation and the concept of philosophical relativism.
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