Anomeric Carbon in Carbohydrates

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Which term describes compounds that have the same chemical formula but different structures?

Isomers

If two monosaccharides differ in configuration around only one specific carbon atom, except the carbonyl carbon, what are they defined as?

Epimers

In sugars, which carbons are numbered first when identifying epimers?

Carbonyl carbon and its adjacent carbons

What is the term used to describe pairs of structures that are mirror images of each other?

<p>Enantiomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form do monosaccharides predominantly exist in, if they have 5 or more carbons?

<p>Cyclized form</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reaction leads to the formation of alpha and beta anomers of glucose?

<p>Mutarotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the spontaneous interconversion of the α and β anomeric forms of glucose?

<p>Mutarotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the formation of sugar ring structures, what is the type of ring structure formed by aldoses called?

<p>Pyranose</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which carbon position is labeled as the anomeric carbon in the formation of α and β anomers of glucose?

<p>Carbon 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the more thermodynamically favorable form of sugar rings commonly found in nature?

<p>Chair form</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ring structure is more kinetically favorable in the formation of sugar rings?

<p>Furanose</p> Signup and view all the answers

In sugar ring formation, what reaction leads to the creation of di-, oligo-, and polysaccharides?

<p>Condensation reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes a sugar with 6 carbons?

<p>Hexose</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a six-carbon sugar that forms a ring structure?

<p>Ketohexose</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Fischer projection of glucose, where is the anomeric carbon located?

<p>At the bottom of the vertical bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the conversion between alpha and beta anomers of glucose?

<p>Mutarotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a sugar with an aldehyde group and four carbon atoms?

<p>Aldotetrose</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about glyceraldehyde among monosaccharides?

<p>It has a keto group</p> Signup and view all the answers

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