Animal Science Quiz: Animal Health & Disease Control

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What is the primary focus of animal health, apart from infectious diseases?

Non-infectious causative agents, animal density, stress, boredom, nutrition, temperature, shelter, and other factors.

What is the difference between infectious and non-infectious diseases?

Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms and can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact, while non-infectious diseases are caused by other factors aside from living organisms.

What is the definition of animal welfare according to the OIE?

Animal welfare is how the animal is coping with its living conditions.

What are the criteria for a good welfare state in animals?

The animal is healthy, comfortable, well-nourished, safe, can express innate behavior, and is not suffering from pain, fear, or distress. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of non-infectious diseases or factors that affect animal health?

Low nutrition level, mechanical injuries, lesions, hereditary conditions, and extreme environmental conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four freedoms that form the basis of animal welfare, as stated in the text?

Freedom from hunger and thirst, discomfort, pain, injury, and disease, and freedom to express normal behavior, from fear and distress. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between an obligate and an optional parasite in terms of dependency on the host?

An obligate parasite is dependent on the host for nourishment and/or shelter, while an optional parasite is not dependent on the host for survival. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an acute disease as opposed to a chronic disease?

An acute disease starts quickly and runs a short course, whereas a chronic disease runs indefinitely. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the percentage of animals in a herd or flock that are affected by a disease?

Morbidity Signup and view all the answers

How does a determinate transitory parasite differ from a permanent parasite?

A determinate transitory parasite is limited to a stage in the life cycle, whereas a permanent parasite is not limited to a specific stage. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the percentage of animals in a herd or flock that die from a disease?

Mortality Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between natural and artificial immunity?

Natural immunity occurs when an animal's body produces antibodies in response to an infection, while artificial immunity is acquired through external means, such as vaccination or antibody transfer. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of quarantine areas during outbreaks?

To restrict animal movement to a specific area and prevent the spread of disease. Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of administering vaccines or toxoids in animal health?

They stimulate antibody production, providing immunity to diseases without causing the disease itself. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to provide special care to weak animals during recovery?

To prevent pressure sores, provide ample shade, and ensure high-quality feed and mineral supplements, especially for animals recovering from anemia. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of colostrum in animal health?

It provides natural passive immunity to newborn animals through the transfer of antibodies from the mother. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of isolating infected animals from healthy ones?

To prevent the spread of disease and protect healthy animals from infection. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main shapes of bacteria?

Cocci (round/oval), Bacilli (rod-shaped), and Spirilla (long cells twisted to spirals) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic that distinguishes viruses from cells?

Viruses are non-cellular, lacking a nucleus, organelles, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What is the dictionary definition of disease?

A lack of ease, discomfort, or a deviation from normal health, accompanied by physiological, anatomical, or chemical changes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic movement of Protozoa?

They use cilia, flagella, or amoeboid movement to propel themselves. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of fungi that makes them resistant to antimicrobial drugs?

They produce spores. Signup and view all the answers