Animal Diversity and Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following scientific names are written correctly? Mark the names that are correct.

  • Eschiarichia coli
  • Melanoplus femurrubrum
  • Cedrus libani (correct)
  • drosophila melanogaster (correct)
  • Canis Familiaris
  • Ferocactus cylindraceus
  • Zea Mays (correct)
  • Caenoharbditis elegans (correct)
  • pinus densifolia (correct)
  • Larrea Tridentata

What type of symmetry do humans have?

Bilateral symmetry

What type of symmetry do jellyfish have?

Radial symmetry

What type of digestive system do you have?

<p>Alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many species of Porifera are there?

<p>Approximately 10,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

Members of this phylum are called

<p>Sponges</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a choanocyte?

<p>A specialized cell found in sponges, with a flagellum that creates water currents for feeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do sponges have organs or tissues?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does digestion take place in sponges?

<p>Inside the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do sponges have a nervous system?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sponges reproduce:

<p>Both sexually and asexually (A), Sexually (B), Asexually (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many species of cnidarians are there?

<p>Approximately 10,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

Common names for members of this phylum include

<p>Jellyfish, corals, sea anemones, hydras</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a nematocyst?

<p>A capsule-like structure within a cnidocyte, containing a coiled thread that can be discharged with force, delivering venom or entanglement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of digestive system do cnidarians have?

<p>Gastrovascular cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do cnidarians have brains?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many species of Platyhelminthes are there?

<p>Approximately 25,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of digestive system do Platyhelminthes have?

<p>Gastrovascular cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nervous system do Platyhelminthes have?

<p>Simple nerve net</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do Platyhelminthes have brains?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Platyhelminthes reproduce:

<p>Asexually (A), Sexually (B), both sexually and asexually (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What animals are infected by eggs of the beef tapeworm?

<p>Cattle</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can humans become infected with beef tapeworm?

<p>Consuming undercooked beef</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many species of arthropods are there?

<p>Over 1 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of digestive system do arthropods have?

<p>An alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nervous system do arthropods have?

<p>A ventral nerve cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do arthropods have brains?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of circulatory system do arthropods have?

<p>Open circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do arthropods acquire oxygen?

<p>Through specialized respiratory organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do arthropods reproduce?

<p>Sexually</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many species belong to the phylum Chordata?

<p>Over 64,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the major characteristics of members of the Vertebrata?

<p>Vertebral column, cranium, closed circulatory system, endoskeleton, well-developed brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ventricle pumps blood to the lungs?

<p>Right ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ transports sperm from the _____

<p>Vas deferens, epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the corresponding structures of the male and female reproductive systems?

<p>Males have testes; females have ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Systematics

The branch of biology that classifies species according to their evolutionary relationships. Remember, it's like putting organisms in their 'family tree' based on how they evolved.

Scientific Name

A two-word scientific name for a species, written in Latin. The first word identifies the genus, and the second word is the specific epithet.

Genus

A group of closely related species. Think of it as a family of species.

Specific Epithet

A specific category within a genus. It's the second part of a scientific name. Think of it as a specific type within a family.

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Family

A group of related genera. It's like a larger family of related species.

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Order

A group of related families. It's like a bigger family of related species.

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Class

A group of related orders. It's like a huge family of related species.

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Phylum

A group of related classes. It's like a gigantic family of related species.

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Kingdom

A group of related phyla. It's like an enormous family of related species.

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Domain

The highest level of classification. This means the kingdom Animalia belongs to this domain.

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Asymmetry

The state of not having a particular type of symmetry, meaning the body can't be divided into equal halves.

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Radial Symmetry

A body plan where any cut through the center creates two equal halves. Think of a jellyfish, where you can cut it in any direction and get two similar pieces.

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Bilateral Symmetry

A body plan where only one cut down the center creates two identical halves. Think of a human, where only a cut from head to toe creates two equal halves.

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Exoskeleton

A skeleton made of hard, external structures. Think of an insect's hard exoskeleton.

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Endoskeleton

A skeleton made of internal bones. Think of the bones within a human body.

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Hydrostatic Skeleton

A type of skeleton where fluid pressure provides support and shape. Think of earthworms, which use internal fluids to move and change shape.

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Gastrovascular Cavity

A type of digestive system with only one opening for both food intake and waste removal. Think of jellyfish, which have a single opening for both purposes.

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Alimentary Canal

A type of digestive system with two openings: one for food intake and another for waste removal. Think of a human with a mouth for eating and an anus for waste.

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Porifera

The phylum of animals that includes sponges. Think of simple, porous animals that filter water for food.

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Choanocyte

Specialized cells in sponges that create water currents for filter feeding, using tiny flagella to trap food particles.

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Cnidaria

The phylum of animals that includes jellyfish, corals, anemones, and hydras. Think of animals with stinging cells and a radial symmetry.

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Cnidocyte

Specialized cells in cnidarians that contain stinging structures called nematocysts.

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Nematocyst

Stinging organelles within cnidocytes that release toxins to paralyze prey.

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Platyhelminthes

The phylum of animals that includes flatworms, tapeworms, and flukes. Think of animals with a flat body and a simple nervous system.

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Arthropoda

The phylum of animals that includes insects, spiders, crustaceans, and myriapods (centipedes and millipedes). Think of animals with a segmented body, an exoskeleton, and jointed appendages.

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Chordata

The phylum of animals that includes vertebrates and invertebrates such as tunicates and lancelets. Think of animals with a notochord (a flexible rod) or a backbone.

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Vertebrata

A subphylum within Chordata that includes animals with a backbone. Think of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

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Tunicata

A subphylum within Chordata that includes animals that lack a backbone but have a notochord. Think of sea squirts and lancelets.

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Cephalochordata

A subphylum within Chordata that includes animals that lack a backbone but have a notochord. Think of lancelets.

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Chondrichthyes

The class of fish that includes sharks, rays, and skates. Think of fish with cartilaginous skeletons.

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Actinopterygii

The class of fish that includes ray-finned fish, the most common type of fish. Think of fish with bony skeletons and fins supported by rays.

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Sarcopterygii

The class of fish that includes lungfish, which have lungs for breathing air. Think of fish that can breathe air.

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Study Notes

Animal Diversity and Anatomy

  • Scientists have identified approximately 2 million animal species, but the exact number is unknown.
  • Familiar animals include cats, dogs, horses, elephants, dolphins, turtles.
  • Systematics is a branch of biology that names and classifies species based on evolutionary relationships (anatomy, physiology, and DNA).
  • Species are grouped into genera, genera into families, families into orders, orders into classes, classes into phyla, phyla into kingdoms, and kingdoms into domains.
  • The kingdom Animalia belongs to the domain Eukarya.
  • Scientific names consist of two Latin words: the genus (capitalized) and the species (lowercase), italicized or underlined.
  • Examples of correctly written scientific names include Canis familiaris, Zea mays, Melanoplus femurrubrum, Cedrus libani, Escherichia coli, pinus densifolia, drosophila melanogaster, Larrea tridentata, Caenoharbditis elegans, and Ferocactus cylindraceus.

Classification of Animals

  • The animal kingdom is divided into phyla (plural of phylum).
  • New discoveries may lead to changes in classifications and new phyla.
  • Key characteristics distinguishing phyla include symmetry, skeleton type, appendages (often in pairs), and digestive systems.
  • Symmetric types include radial and bilateral symmetry.
  • Skeleton types include internal (like bones), external (like insect exoskeletons), and hydrostatic (fluid pressure).
  • Appendages are anatomical structures, such as legs or arms.
  • Digestive systems may be one-opening (gastrovascular cavity) or two-opening (alimentary canal).

Phylum Porifera

  • Approximately how many species is unknown.
  • Called sponges.
  • Major characteristics: lack true tissues and organs; have pores for water flow; filter feeders.
  • A choanocyte is a specialized cell that filters food from the water.
  • Sponges do not have organs or tissues.
  • Digestion occurs intracellularly (within cells).
  • Sponges reproduce sexually and asexually.
  • The phylum Porifera is divided into three classes.

Phylum Cnidaria

  • Approximately how many species is unknown.
  • Common names include jellyfish, corals, sea anemones.
  • Major characteristics: radial symmetry; have stinging cells (cnidocytes) containing nematocysts.
  • Cnidocytes are stinging cells.
  • Nematocysts are specialized organelles.
  • They have a one-opening digestive system (gastrovascular cavity).
  • They do not have brains.

Phylum Platyhelminthes

  • Approximately how many species is unknown.
  • Common names include flatworms.
  • Major characteristics: bilateral symmetry; have a one-opening digestive system (gastrovascular cavity); and a simple nervous system.
  • They do not have a circulatory system.
  • They can reproduce sexually, asexually, or both.
  • Some animals (like cattle) can be infected with tapeworms.

Phylum Arthropoda

  • Millions of species are in this phylum.
  • Common names include insects, crustaceans, spiders, scorpions, millipedes, and centipedes.
  • Major Characteristics: Bilateral symmetry, exoskeleton, segmented bodies, jointed appendages.
  • Arthropods have an open circulatory system and use different methods to acquire oxygen (e.g., gills, lungs).
  • Reproduce in various ways.
  • Many different groups exist, including Crustacea (e.g., crabs, lobsters), Malacostraca (largest crustacean group), Hexapoda (insects with 6 legs), and other classes.

Phylum Chordata

  • Millions of species belong to this phylum, includes vertebrates.
  • Major characteristics: notochord (a support rod), dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail at some point in their development.
  • One major subgroup is the Vertebrata, which includes animals with backbones.
  • Major characteristics of vertebrates include a skeletal structure, internal organs and a complex nervous system.
  • Chordates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

Animal Anatomy - Frog Dissection

  • The frog dissection lab includes identification and observation of organs and systems.
  • Includes the digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems, as well as other organs and/or structures.

Animal Anatomy - (Human body Systems Study)

  • Anatomy studies structure of living things.
  • Circulatory, digestive, reproductive, and skeletal systems.
  • The circulatory system includes the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries.
  • The digestive system includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, rectum, and anus.
  • The reproductive system study for both males and females includes identifying structures like ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, testicles, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, bladder, penis, urethra, rectum, and anus.
  • The skeletal system includes bones like the sternum, scapula, ribs, clavicle, vertebra, pelvis, coccyx, humerus, femur, and others.
  • A variety of body organs are identified and/or studied.

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Animal Diversity And Anatomy Lab 13 PDF

Description

Explore the vast world of animal species with this quiz on animal diversity and anatomy. Learn about the classification of animals, including their scientific naming conventions and the evolutionary relationships that define them. Test your knowledge on various examples and categories within the kingdom Animalia.

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