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Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of disease models in human health?
What is the main purpose of disease models in human health?
The Animal Welfare Act strives to promote cruelty in the use of animals in research.
The Animal Welfare Act strives to promote cruelty in the use of animals in research.
False
Name one technique used in genetic manipulation of animals.
Name one technique used in genetic manipulation of animals.
Genome Editing
The _______ Act provides a framework for the responsible care and treatment of animals in research.
The _______ Act provides a framework for the responsible care and treatment of animals in research.
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Match the following biopharmaceutical products with their applications:
Match the following biopharmaceutical products with their applications:
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Which of the following is NOT a technique for genetic manipulation?
Which of the following is NOT a technique for genetic manipulation?
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Gene-edited pig skin has been used as a temporary wound covering for burn patients.
Gene-edited pig skin has been used as a temporary wound covering for burn patients.
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What is one of the proposed uses for gene-edited pig organs?
What is one of the proposed uses for gene-edited pig organs?
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What does the 'Freedom from fears and distress' refer to in the context of animal welfare?
What does the 'Freedom from fears and distress' refer to in the context of animal welfare?
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The Three Pillars of Animal Welfare include Physical State, Psychological State, and Naturalness.
The Three Pillars of Animal Welfare include Physical State, Psychological State, and Naturalness.
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Name the three R's related to ethical animal research practices.
Name the three R's related to ethical animal research practices.
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______ emphasizes the importance of an environment that meets animals' mental and emotional needs.
______ emphasizes the importance of an environment that meets animals' mental and emotional needs.
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Which of the following is NOT considered one of the Five Freedoms?
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the Five Freedoms?
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Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
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Animal rights advocates believe that using animals for any purpose is morally wrong.
Animal rights advocates believe that using animals for any purpose is morally wrong.
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What is the main ethical concern highlighted between Animal Rights and Animal Welfare?
What is the main ethical concern highlighted between Animal Rights and Animal Welfare?
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What is the primary goal of animal biotechnology?
What is the primary goal of animal biotechnology?
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Transgenic cows are created to have reduced muscle growth.
Transgenic cows are created to have reduced muscle growth.
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Name one application of animal biotechnology in agriculture.
Name one application of animal biotechnology in agriculture.
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The use of __________ techniques helps in preserving the genetics of endangered species.
The use of __________ techniques helps in preserving the genetics of endangered species.
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Match the animal biotechnology applications with their respective benefits:
Match the animal biotechnology applications with their respective benefits:
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Which of the following is a benefit of using probiotics in animal feeding?
Which of the following is a benefit of using probiotics in animal feeding?
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Optimal Feeding Technologies use microbes to enhance nutrient content and reduce methane production.
Optimal Feeding Technologies use microbes to enhance nutrient content and reduce methane production.
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What is the five freedoms principle in animal welfare?
What is the five freedoms principle in animal welfare?
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Rearing animals in open fields can lead to increased emissions of __________ and methane.
Rearing animals in open fields can lead to increased emissions of __________ and methane.
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What is a significant advantage of lab-grown (designer) meat?
What is a significant advantage of lab-grown (designer) meat?
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Study Notes
Animal Biotechnology
- Animal biotechnology uses genetic engineering to alter animal genetics for agricultural and medical purposes.
Applications of Animal Biotechnology
Agriculture
- Reproduction and Breeding: Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) like embryo transfer, microinjection, sperm and ovum selection are used to preserve endangered species genetics and enhance genetic diversity for healthier populations.
- Environmental and Conservation Benefits: Optimal feeding technologies use probiotics to reduce chemicals, improve digestibility, and reduce environmental pollution like eutrophication. Microbes are used to process nutrients and reduce methane production in animals. Oil palm frond (OPF) biomass can be converted to biochar and compost to improve soil health and reduce chemical fertilizers.
- Enhancement of Animal Products: Designer meat (lab-grown meat) offers a scalable solution to meet protein demands. Transgenic cows can have increased muscle growth (double-muscle phenotype). Hypoallergenic milk (A2 beta casein milk) reduces allergic reactions.
- Animal Wellbeing & Welfare: New vaccines, diagnostics tools, and practices can help farmers manage animal diseases and reduce foodborne pathogens. Animal transportation studies use EEG for detection.
Human Health
- Disease Models: Pre-clinical trials test medicines and vaccines for safety and efficacy.
- Biopharmaceutical Products: Bioreactor technology produces tissues, organs, vaccines, antibodies, etc. The transplantation of pig cells, including corneas, into humans is a potential medical application.
Genetic Manipulation in Animals
- Techniques: Tissue culture, synthetic biology, genome editing, cloning, and bioinformatics are used in genetic manipulation.
Animal Research Regulations
- Animal Welfare Act (AWA) 2015: This act aims to provide a framework for responsible care, treatment, and use of animals in research, including farm animals, pets, and research facilities. It focuses on preventing cruelty and neglect and promoting animal welfare.
Ethical Concerns in Animal Use in Research
Animal Rights
- Extreme view: animals should be completely liberated from human use.
- Animals should not be used for human benefit.
Animal Welfare
- Compassion and an interest in improving animal wellbeing is important.
- Using animals is ethically justified if their welfare is taken care of.
Animal Welfare Principles (Three R's)
- Replacement: Using alternative methods like cell cultures or computer models when possible.
- Reduction: Using fewer animals in research or collecting more information from a smaller group.
- Refinement: Using methods that minimize pain and stress to animals or enhance the welfare of the animals used.
Pain and Humane Slaughter
- Stress markers, pain, and humane slaughter studies are important for specific guidelines on animal welfare.
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Description
Explore the world of animal biotechnology, focusing on its applications in agriculture and conservation. This quiz covers techniques like assisted reproductive technologies, environmental benefits, and the enhancement of animal products. Learn how genetic engineering is reshaping the future of agriculture and medicine.
