Anesthesia Monitoring Parameters

Study Notes

Palpebral reflex: present under light anesthesia, absent under deep anesthesia
Corneal reflex: should be present, absence indicates excessively deep anesthesia
Jaw tone: varies with anesthetic depth
Capillary refill time (CRT): ≤ 2 seconds
Mucous membrane color: light pink to pink and moist
Peripheral pulses: strong and synchronous
Pulse oximetry (SpO2): > 95%
Capnography: ETCO2 35-45 mm Hg
Blood pressure: mean 70-120 mm Hg, systolic 80-140 mm Hg, diastolic 50-100 mm Hg
ECG: normal sinus rhythm or respiratory sinus arrhythmia
Body temperature:
- Canine: 100-101°F (36.1-38.3°C)
- Feline: 100-101°F (36.1-38.3°C)
Heart rate:
- Canine: 80-120 bpm
- Feline: 100-180 bpm
Respiration rate: 10-40 per minute

Temperature: should be taken every 5-10 minutes during surgery
Acceptable gum color: pink, blue indicates hypoxia, white indicates shock
CRT: ≤ 2 seconds, > 2 seconds indicates issue
SpO2: > 95%, ideal 98-100%
Heart rate: manually checked every 5 minutes during surgery
Vitals: checked and recorded every 5 minutes during surgery
Pulse oximeter malfunction: check connections, ensure proper placement, and troubleshoot equipment

Anesthesia machine: provides oxygen, anesthetic gas, and scavenging system
Main function: delivers anesthetic gas to patient
Non-rebreather tube: used for short procedures, provides fresh gas with each breath
Leak check: performed before use
Dead space: volume of gas that is not participating in gas exchange
Hypotensive: blood pressure < 60 mm Hg, treated with fluids and vasopressors

Extubation: safe when patient is responsive, breathing regularly, and able to swallow
Patients requiring longer recovery: geriatric, obese, or those with pre-existing conditions
Vomiting during intubation: suction and re-intubate, during extubation: support patient and monitor vital signs
Acceptable recumbency: lateral, sternal, or dorsal, never ventral
Reactions to anesthesia: hypoxia, hypercapnia, and hyperthermia, known as anaphylaxis
Extra reaction to anesthesia after dental procedure: respiratory depression