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Questions and Answers
What is the definition of an Anesthetic?
What is the definition of an Anesthetic?
- A drug that increases pain sensitivity
- A drug that produces a temporary loss of feeling or sensation (correct)
- A type of psychological therapy
- A drug that causes permanent loss of sensation
What does Oximetry measure?
What does Oximetry measure?
The oxygen concentration in the blood
What is meant by Duration in anesthesia?
What is meant by Duration in anesthesia?
The time from induction of the anesthetic to its complete reversal
What does Gauge refer to in the context of anesthesia?
What does Gauge refer to in the context of anesthesia?
What is Tidal volume?
What is Tidal volume?
What is the purpose of a Vasoconstrictor?
What is the purpose of a Vasoconstrictor?
What does the term Permeate mean?
What does the term Permeate mean?
What is Titration in anesthesia?
What is Titration in anesthesia?
Define Porous.
Define Porous.
What does Innervation refer to?
What does Innervation refer to?
What is the Lumen of a needle?
What is the Lumen of a needle?
What is Induction in terms of anesthesia?
What is Induction in terms of anesthesia?
What is Analgesia?
What is Analgesia?
Topical anesthetics are used in dentistry for:
Topical anesthetics are used in dentistry for:
What is the most frequently selected form of pain control used in dentistry?
What is the most frequently selected form of pain control used in dentistry?
Local anesthetics are injected near ________ to create a numbing effect.
Local anesthetics are injected near ________ to create a numbing effect.
What can be added to a local anesthetic solution to prolong its physiological effect?
What can be added to a local anesthetic solution to prolong its physiological effect?
What injection technique would the dentist most frequently use on a small area of the maxillary teeth?
What injection technique would the dentist most frequently use on a small area of the maxillary teeth?
What needle sizes are most commonly used in dentistry?
What needle sizes are most commonly used in dentistry?
Is it common for a patient with an acute infection in a tooth to feel the numbing sensation for local anesthesia?
Is it common for a patient with an acute infection in a tooth to feel the numbing sensation for local anesthesia?
What type of condition does paresthesia refer to?
What type of condition does paresthesia refer to?
Who was the first dentist to offer N2O/O2 to his patients?
Who was the first dentist to offer N2O/O2 to his patients?
How could the dental team be at risk for exposure to N2O/O2 in a dental office?
How could the dental team be at risk for exposure to N2O/O2 in a dental office?
The patient should receive ________ at the beginning and end of the N2O/O2 sedation procedure.
The patient should receive ________ at the beginning and end of the N2O/O2 sedation procedure.
What level of anesthesia will a patient reach if they are relaxed and fully conscious?
What level of anesthesia will a patient reach if they are relaxed and fully conscious?
What stage of consciousness should a patient reach during general anesthesia?
What stage of consciousness should a patient reach during general anesthesia?
In what environment would general anesthesia be most safely administered to a dental patient?
In what environment would general anesthesia be most safely administered to a dental patient?
The tank or cylinder of _________ is always color-coded green.
The tank or cylinder of _________ is always color-coded green.
Anesthetic cartridges should be ________.
Anesthetic cartridges should be ________.
___________ anesthesia is achieved by injecting the anesthesia into the posterior superior alveolar nerve.
___________ anesthesia is achieved by injecting the anesthesia into the posterior superior alveolar nerve.
A _____ needle is commonly used for infiltration injections.
A _____ needle is commonly used for infiltration injections.
What is the recommended form of topical anesthesia for controlling a gag reflex?
What is the recommended form of topical anesthesia for controlling a gag reflex?
A used or contaminated needle should be discarded in the?
A used or contaminated needle should be discarded in the?
How long should anesthetic gels remain on the site of injection?
How long should anesthetic gels remain on the site of injection?
What are the active ingredients in topical anesthetics?
What are the active ingredients in topical anesthetics?
When should a local anesthetic NOT contain a vasoconstrictor?
When should a local anesthetic NOT contain a vasoconstrictor?
What is the duration of a short-acting local anesthetic agent?
What is the duration of a short-acting local anesthetic agent?
What is the duration of an intermediate acting local anesthetic?
What is the duration of an intermediate acting local anesthetic?
What is the duration of long-acting local anesthetics?
What is the duration of long-acting local anesthetics?
What are the three major types of local anesthetic injections for the maxillary arch?
What are the three major types of local anesthetic injections for the maxillary arch?
How is local infiltration anesthesia completed?
How is local infiltration anesthesia completed?
What is field block anesthesia?
What is field block anesthesia?
Define nerve block anesthesia.
Define nerve block anesthesia.
What are common palatial injection sites?
What are common palatial injection sites?
What is the anterior palatine nerve block?
What is the anterior palatine nerve block?
What is the nasopalatine nerve block?
What is the nasopalatine nerve block?
Describe mandibular anesthesia.
Describe mandibular anesthesia.
What is the inferior alveolar nerve block?
What is the inferior alveolar nerve block?
What does buccal nerve block provide anesthesia for?
What does buccal nerve block provide anesthesia for?
What is the incisive nerve block used for?
What is the incisive nerve block used for?
What is Stage 1 anesthesia?
What is Stage 1 anesthesia?
What is Stage 2 of anesthesia?
What is Stage 2 of anesthesia?
What is Stage 3 of anesthesia?
What is Stage 3 of anesthesia?
What is Stage 4 of anesthesia?
What is Stage 4 of anesthesia?
What are drugs administered for the relief of anxiety called?
What are drugs administered for the relief of anxiety called?
What should scavenger systems have as a vacuum flow rate?
What should scavenger systems have as a vacuum flow rate?
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Study Notes
Anesthesia Concepts
- Anesthetic: A drug that induces a temporary loss of sensation.
- Anesthesia: Temporary loss of feeling, facilitated by various agents.
- Duration: The period from anesthetic induction to its reversal.
- Induction: Time from injection to onset of anesthesia.
- Analgesia: Pain perception is dulled without loss of consciousness.
Pain Control Techniques
- Most common form of pain control in dentistry: Local anesthesia.
- Local anesthetics: Administered near a nerve for numbing effect.
- Vasoconstrictors: Added to prolong anesthetic effects and constrict blood vessels, commonly epinephrine.
- Paresthesia: Abnormal numbness persisting longer than normal post-anesthesia.
Injection Techniques
- Infiltration: Technique used for small areas, particularly in maxillary teeth.
- Major types of local anesthetic injections for maxillary arch: Local infiltration, field block, nerve block.
- Nerve block: Injection near a main nerve trunk, effective for quadrant dentistry.
Specific Anesthetic Applications
- Topical anesthetics: Used to numb surface tissue, effective for gag reflex when applied as spray.
- Inferior alveolar nerve block: Numbs lower jaw, includes teeth, tongue, and lip.
- Buccal nerve block: Anesthesia for buccal tissues near mandibular molars.
- Incisive nerve block: Targeted for mandibular anterior teeth and premolars, administered at mental foramen.
Anesthetic Agents and Administration
- Tank of oxygen: Identified by a green color code.
- Anesthetic gels: Required to remain on injection site for 15-30 seconds minimum, up to 1-2 minutes maximum.
- Topical anesthetics' active ingredients: Benzocaine or lidocaine.
- Anesthetic cartridges should be kept enclosed until use.
Stages of Anesthesia
- Stage 1: Analgesia, patient remains conscious and relaxed.
- Stage 2: Excitement, patient may become less aware and more agitated.
- Stage 3: Surgical anesthesia, patient calms and becomes unconscious.
- Stage 4: Critical stage, respiratory failure or cardiac arrest may occur if not reversed quickly.
Safety and Exposure
- Risks for dental team regarding N2O/O2: Gases can leak from masks or equipment, and patient exhalation poses exposure risks.
- Patients with heart disease should not receive vasoconstrictors in local anesthetic.
Equipment and Measurement
- Gauge: Indicates the thickness of injection needles used.
- Tidal volume: Measures air inhaled and exhaled during sedative procedures like N2O/O2 sedation.
- Scavenger systems: Should maintain a vacuum flow rate of 45 liters per minute.
Historical Context
- Horace Wells: First dentist to utilize N2O/O2 for patient sedation in procedures.
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