Dental Anesthesia Techniques Quiz

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which technique for mandibular anesthesia is specifically beneficial for patients with trismus, fractured mandible, and mentally challenged children?

  • Vazirani-Akinosi Technique
  • Mandibular Nerve Block
  • Gow-Gates Technique (correct)
  • IAN Block

Which statement regarding local anesthesia is CORRECT?

  • Their main toxic effects are observed in the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. (correct)
  • Preparations containing adrenaline are safe for use on digits and appendages.
  • Lignocaine has a longer duration of action than bupivicaine.
  • Local anesthetics affect large nerve fibers before small nerve fibers.

In which stage of general anesthesia does skeletal muscle relaxation occur, and the patient's breathing become regular?

  • Medullary anesthesia
  • Analgesia
  • Surgical anesthesia (correct)
  • Excitement

What is the standard gas combination dose for conscious sedation?

<p>60% oxygen; 40% nitrous oxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After administering an inferior alveolar and lingual nerve block, which teeth can be extracted painlessly?

<p>All teeth in that quadrant on the side of the injection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a surgical procedure expected to be challenging, which local anesthetic provides the longest duration of analgesia?

<p>Bupivicaine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A biopsy of the labial alveolar mucosa of the lower right lateral incisor tooth requires anesthetizing which nerve?

<p>The mental nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A successful inferior alveolar nerve block will result in anesthesia of which areas?

<p>Lower lip, mandibular teeth, and all gingivae of the mandible. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for providing sensory innervation to the lower bicuspid teeth?

<p>Inferior Alveolar Nerve (B), Mental Nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the branch of the maxillary nerve that is responsible for innervating the skin of the cheek?

<p>Buccal Nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of the posterior third of the tongue?

<p>Glossopharyngeal Nerve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of the trigeminal nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of mastication?

<p>Mandibular Nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the nerve that provides sensory innervation to the nasal cavity?

<p>Ophthalmic Nerve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for providing sensory innervation to the lower lip?

<p>Mental Nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nerves is NOT a branch of the maxillary nerve?

<p>Lingual Nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nerves is responsible for the motor innervation of the tongue?

<p>Hypoglossal Nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A successful infraorbital nerve block will produce anesthesia of which of the following?

<p>Maxillary anterior teeth, their labial gingivae, the upper lip and anterior hard palate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures travel through the substance of the parotid gland?

<p>The maxillary artery, retromandibular vein, facial artery and buccal branch of the mandibular nerve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT innervated by the Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve (PSAN)?

<p>Buccal soft tissue of Maxillary molars (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical significance of the statement, "In patients who have a Le Fort II fracture, a common finding is paresthesia over the distribution of the:...

<p>Infraorbital nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes a Le Fort I fracture?

<p>A horizontal fracture separating the inferior portion of the maxilla, extending from the piriform aperture of the nose to the pterygoid maxillary suture area. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of a Le Fort III fracture?

<p>Complete separation of the midface at the level of the naso-orbital-ethmoid complex and zygomaticofrontal suture area. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT involved in a Le Fort II fracture?

<p>Mandibular condyle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern for a patient with a Le Fort III fracture?

<p>Risk of airway compromise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of drugs is primarily used to replace substances that are deficient in the body?

<p>Supplements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main action of vaccines in the body?

<p>Prevention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sedatives and hypnotics primarily function as what type of drugs?

<p>Depressants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a group of drugs that interact with a mixed group of receptors?

<p>Mixed agonist-antagonist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a drug has an intrinsic activity of less than 1, it is referred to as what?

<p>Partial agonist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recognized site for drug metabolism?

<p>Brain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process describing the metabolism of a drug as it travels from the gut to systemic circulation is known as what?

<p>First pass effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An intrinsic activity of a receptor with no stimulating effect is demonstrated by which type of drug?

<p>Antagonist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent is commonly used to treat hypertension?

<p>Atenolol (Tenormin®) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What classification do ephedrine, tyramine, and amphetamine belong to?

<p>Indirect-acting sympathomimetics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT used to control pain effectively?

<p>Depression of the autonomic nervous system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What supplement is often necessary for patients on thiazide diuretics?

<p>Potassium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dental product is most likely to cause inactivation of fluoride ions?

<p>Anionic detergent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among the adverse reactions of oral contraceptives, which is considered the most serious?

<p>Thromboembolic disorder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does digitalis primarily influence cardiac muscle at therapeutic doses?

<p>Increases the force of contraction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pharmacologic effect is NOT associated with phenothiazines?

<p>Anticonvulsant effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with painful tooth #44 requiring Root Canal Treatment (RCT). Despite three intrapulpal injections, two infiltrations, one intraligamentary injection, one mandibular block, and two hours of waiting, the pain persists. What is the best course of action?

<p>Consider changing the anesthetic agent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ion's concentration is reduced in active heart muscle by cardiac glycosides?

<p>Calcium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pretreatment with which drug enhances the hypotensive effect of intravenous acetylcholine?

<p>Physostigmine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Excess of which hormone(s) could increase sensitivity to epinephrine?

<p>Both Parathyroid and Thyroid hormones (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient receives an inferior alveolar nerve block prior to premolar extraction. Three minutes later, paralysis affects the forehead, eyelids, upper and lower lips on the same side of the face. This is most likely due to anesthetic diffusion into which structure?

<p>Auriculotemporal nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient receives a test dose of intravenous sedative, experiencing immediate burning pain radiating distally, blotchy skin with blanching, and a weaker pulse in the injected arm. What is the most likely explanation?

<p>Injection into an artery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal therapeutic action of glucocorticoids?

<p>Anti-inflammatory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances would 'fast injection' be used?

<p>To minimize the risk of aspiration during anesthetic administration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Gow-Gates Technique

A technique for mandibular anesthesia suitable for trismus and mentally-handicapped patients.

Local Anaesthesia

Local anaesthetics mainly affect small nerve fibres first and can be toxic to CNS and cardiovascular systems.

4 Stages of Anesthesia

General anesthesia occurs in four stages, including one with relaxed muscles and regular breathing.

Conscious Sedation Gas Combo

The recommended gas combination for conscious sedation is often 50% oxygen and 50% nitrous oxide.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Teeth Removal Pain-Free

Inferior alveolar and lingual nerve blocks allow pain-free removal of several teeth on the injection side.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Prolonged Analgesia Agent

Bupivicaine provides the most prolonged analgesia among local analgesics for difficult procedures.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Biopsy Nerve Requirement

To biopsy a lesion on the lower right lateral incisor, local anaesthesia of the mental nerve is required.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Effect

Successful inferior alveolar nerve block will anesthetize the lower lip, mandibular teeth, and labial gingivae of anterior teeth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Infraorbital nerve block

An anesthetic technique targeting the infraorbital nerve, providing numbness in the maxillary anterior teeth and associated structures.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Maxillary anterior teeth anesthesia

Anesthesia achieved in the maxillary anterior teeth, labial gingivae, and sometimes surrounding tissues.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Parotid gland structures

Key vessels like the maxillary artery and retromandibular vein travel through the parotid gland.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Le Fort fractures

Types of fractures involving the maxilla, with Le Fort I, II, and III describing specific patterns of separation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Le Fort I fracture

A horizontal fracture through the inferior maxilla, involving the piriform aperture.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Le Fort II fracture

Fracture that separates the maxilla and nasal complex from the cranial base, zygomatic area, and more.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Le Fort III fracture

A complete separation of the midface at the level of the naso-orbital-ethmoid complex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Paresthesia in Le Fort fractures

Common symptom of sensory loss in areas supplied by the infraorbital nerve following a Le Fort II fracture.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Beta-adrenergic blocker

A drug class used to treat hypertension, like Atenolol.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Indirect-acting sympathomimetics

Drugs like ephedrine that stimulate adrenergic receptors indirectly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Methods to control pain

Techniques like cortical depression or hypnosis to alleviate pain, except one.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Thiazides and potassium

Thiazide diuretics may require potassium supplementation for balance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fluoride ion inactivation

Certain components in dentifrices can neutralize fluoride, like anionic detergent.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oral contraceptive adverse effects

Most common serious effect of oral contraceptives is thromboembolic disorders.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Digitalis effect on contraction

Digitalis increases the force of contraction in cardiac muscle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Epinephrine vs histamine

Epinephrine counters histamine by producing opposite physiological effects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve

Arises as a branch of the infraorbital nerve.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Trigeminal Nerve Function

Provides sensory innervation to the face and oral cavity, except for the posterior third of the tongue.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inferior Alveolar Nerve Origin

A branch of the posterior trunk of the mandibular nerve.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nerve Given at Cranium

The middle meningeal nerve branches from the maxillary nerve at the cranium.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Xerostomia Cause

A complication from mandibular blocking due to the association of the lingual nerve and the chorda tympani.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mental Nerve Innervation

Innervates the lower lip, chin, and mucosa lower bicuspid, but not the lower bicuspid itself.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mental Nerve Anesthesia Effects

Injection affecting the area of the mental nerve will also anesthetize the chin and lower lip.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Effect of Excess Local Anesthesia

Too much can result in paresthesia, trauma, trismus, or xerostomia.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Role of supplements in medicine

Drugs used to compensate for deficiencies in the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fundamental action of vaccines

Vaccines primarily function to prevent diseases.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sedatives and hypnotics

Drugs that act as depressants to calm the mind.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Agonist

A substance that activates receptors and has intrinsic activity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Antagonist

A substance that binds to receptors but does not activate them.

Signup and view all the flashcards

First pass effect

Metabolism of the drug before it reaches systemic circulation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pain definition

An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience related to tissue damage.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pain threshold

The minimum intensity of stimulus required to perceive pain.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pain management after RCT

Best managed by a second inferior alveolar nerve block after inadequate relief from initial anesthetics.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cardiac glycosides effect

Reduce sodium concentration in active heart muscle, influencing cardiac contractility and rhythm.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Acetylcholine blood pressure

Pretreatment with physostigmine potentiates acetylcholine's ability to lower blood pressure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hormones and epinephrine sensitivity

Excess thyroid and parathyroid hormones increase sensitivity to epinephrine.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inferior alveolar block complications

Paralysis of facial muscles indicates diffusion into the auriculotemporal nerve or otic ganglion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

IV sedation test dose reactions

Severe burning and blotchiness may result from an injection into an artery.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Glucocorticoids' main action

The principal therapeutic action is anti-inflammatory, affecting immune response.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Epinephrine and thyroid relationship

Thyroid hormone excess enhances responsiveness to epinephrine, affecting metabolism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Related Documents

More Like This

Nerve Blocks in Dentistry
5 questions
Dental Anesthesia Concepts
45 questions
Dental Anesthesia: GDC Outcomes & Safety
45 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser