Anatomy Quiz: Floor of the Mouth

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Questions and Answers

What is the clinical appearance of the floor of the mouth likely to be?

Pale yellow and dry

Bright white and hardened

Dark brown and flaky

Reddish-pink and shiny (correct)

Which muscles provide support to the floor of the mouth?

Mylohyoid, Hyoglossus, and Geniohyoid (correct)

Pterygoid and Buccinator

Digastric and Platysma

Sternohyoid and Omohyoid

What is the origin of the mylohyoid muscle?

Lateral surface of the mandible

Upper edge of the hyoid bone

Inferior aspect of the temporal bone

Inner surface of the mandible (correct)

Which statement correctly describes the characteristics of the floor of the mouth?

It is shiny, moist, and compressible. Signup and view all the answers

What nerve innervation is associated with the floor of the mouth?

Trigeminal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the hyoglossus muscle?

Depression of the tongue Signup and view all the answers

Which vascular feature is commonly observed in the floor of the mouth?

Vascular blue areas due to veins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for examining the structures of the floor of the mouth?

To assess for healthy appearance and detect disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of the mylohyoid muscle?

Elevates the hyoid bone Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve provides the nerve supply for the hyoglossus muscle?

Hypoglossal nerve Signup and view all the answers

Where does the geniohyoid muscle originate?

Inferior genial tubercle Signup and view all the answers

What is the blood supply for the hyoglossus muscle?

Lingual artery Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT found in the floor of the mouth (FOM) above the mylohyoid muscle?

Mandibular tori Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action does NOT describe the function of the geniohyoid?

Depressing the tongue Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lingual frenum?

To connect the tongue to the floor of the mouth Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the geniohyoid muscle?

Lingual artery (sublingual branch) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary appearance characteristic of the hard palate?

Pink in appearance and immobile Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following features is NOT a characteristic of the hard palate?

Situs inversus Signup and view all the answers

What is the structural difference between the lateral and medial portions of the hard palate?

The lateral portion is more cushioned. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a change that may be observed in the hard palate?

Change in color and texture Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential impact of a cleft palate on the functions of the hard palate?

Increased risk of oral infections Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT associated with the hard palate?

Mandibular Torus Signup and view all the answers

What may influence the treatment delivery when dealing with a patient having a cleft palate?

Functional impacts of the palate Signup and view all the answers

What appearance might be seen in a hard palate affected by smoking?

Darker coloration with changes in texture Signup and view all the answers

What is a common appearance characteristic of the soft palate?

Deeper pink with possible yellowish tint Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern associated with Smokers Keratosis?

It can cause oral cancer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following features describes the histology of the soft palate?

Mucosal and elastic Signup and view all the answers

What could be a potential cause of changes in the appearance of the soft palate?

Smoking or tobacco use Signup and view all the answers

Which landmark dental procedure is related to the pterygomandibular fold?

Nerve block administration Signup and view all the answers

How might the texture of the soft palate change due to certain conditions?

Develop rough and thickened areas Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the uvula in the soft palate?

It is compressible and stretchy Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to the appearance of candida albicans on the soft palate?

Nutritional deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary nerve responsible for sensory innervation of the hard palate?

Greater palatine nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the soft palate?

Lesser palatine arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause for the development of an aphthous ulcer?

Nutritional deficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is primarily affected in nerve injury to the soft palate?

Soft palate Signup and view all the answers

What type of mucosa is primarily found in the hard palate?

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium Signup and view all the answers

How would you describe the blood supply of the hard palate?

Via the greater palatine artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a natural abnormality of the soft palate?

Cleft palate Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the lamina propria in the palate?

It supports the epithelial layer and contains blood vessels and nerves. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Floor of the Mouth

The floor of the mouth (FOM) presents a reddish-pink appearance, is vascular, shiny and moist, and compressible.
It is supported by three muscles: Mylohyoid, Hyoglossus, and Geniohyoid.
Mylohyoid: Forms the floor of the mouth, and its fibres run medially and downwards to insert into the anterior surface of the hyoid bone. It elevates the floor of the mouth and the hyoid bone while also assisting in depressing the mandible. Its nerve supply is the Trigeminal nerve (mylohyoid branch), and its blood supply is the Inferior alveolar, sublingual & submental arteries.
Hyoglossus: Depresses and retracts the tongue. It originates from the superior border of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and inserts into the lateral borders of the tongue. The Hyoglossal nerve supplies it, and its blood supply is the Lingual Artery.
Geniohyoid: Elevates the hyoid bone. Its fibres run downwards and backwards and insert into the anterior surface of the body of the hyoid bone. Originating from the inferior genial tubercle on the lingual surface of the mandible, it is supplied by the Hypoglossal Nerve and the Lingual artery (sublingual branch).
Key features of the FOM include the Lingual frenum, Sublingual papillae (and sublingual folds), Mandibular Tori, the ventral surface of the tongue, Wharton's duct (submandibular salivary glands), Bartholin's duct and Rivinus ducts (sublingual salivary glands), and the floor of the mouth minor salivary glands.

Palate

The palate is divided into two parts: Hard palate and Soft palate.
Hard Palate: The Hard palate is pink in colour and feels immobile and firm. It is more cushioned towards the lateral portions and firmer towards the medial portion.
Soft Palate: The soft palate is deeper pink in color and is moist, compressible, and elastic.

Hard Palate Features

Features: Incisive Papilla, Palatine Rugae, Median Palatine Raphe, Palatal Torus

Soft Palate Features

Features: Uvula, Pillars of the fauces (anterior pillar = palatoglossal arch, posterior pillar = palatopharyngeal arch), Tonsillar fossa, Pterygomandibular fold.

Nerve Innervation and Blood Supply of the Palate

Nerve Innervation: Sensory innervation is supplied by branches of the maxillary nerve (a branch of the trigeminal nerve V). The hard palate is innervated by the greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves, while the soft palate is innervated by the lesser palatine nerve.
Blood Supply: The Hard Palate receives blood supply from the greater palatine arterycolour and the Soft Palate from the lesser palatine arteries.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the floor of the mouth, including key muscles and their functions. This quiz covers the Mylohyoid, Hyoglossus, and Geniohyoid muscles, their nerve and blood supplies, and their roles in oral function. Perfect for students of anatomy or dental studies!