Floor of the Mouth and Palate

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic appearance of the soft palate?

Bright red and rough

Pale white and dry

Deep purple in color

Deep pink, possibly slightly yellowish (correct)

Which of the following best describes the texture of the soft palate?

Dry and flaky

Firm and rigid

Moist and compressible (correct)

Smooth and hard

What are the anterior and posterior pillars of the fauces known as?

Fauces and uvular folds

Pillars of the soft palate and uvula

Palatoglossal arch and palatopharyngeal arch (correct)

Tonsillar nodes and pharyngeal wall

Which of the following changes might be observed in the soft palate?

Changes in color and texture Signup and view all the answers

Which condition could cause visual changes in the soft palate?

Candida Albicans and Aphthous Ulcer Signup and view all the answers

Which nerves provide sensory innervation to the hard palate?

Greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves Signup and view all the answers

What is the blood supply for the soft palate?

Lesser palatine arteries Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mucosa is typically found in the hard palate?

Masticatory mucosa Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature differentiates the nerve supply between the hard and soft palate?

The soft palate is innervated by the lesser palatine nerve Signup and view all the answers

What role do the greater and lesser palatine arteries play in the anatomy of the palate?

They supply the blood to both hard and soft palates Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the hard palate?

It has a pink appearance. Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is associated with the hard palate?

Median palatine raphe Signup and view all the answers

What describes the texture of the hard palate?

It is firm towards the medial portion. Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is an example of a change that can occur in the hard palate?

Denture stomatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential appearance characteristic of smoker's keratosis on the hard palate?

White patches Signup and view all the answers

How does a cleft palate potentially impact function?

It creates an obstruction in airflow. Signup and view all the answers

What is the appearance of the hard palate affected by thermal trauma?

Thinning of tissue with redness. Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is found more towards the lateral portions of the hard palate?

Palatine rugae Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for the action of the hyoglossus muscle?

Hyoglossal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of the geniohyoid muscle?

Elevates the hyoid bone Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the hyoglossus muscle?

Lingual artery Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT found above the mylohyoid muscle in the floor of the mouth?

Mylohyoid nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the geniohyoid muscle?

Inferior genial tubercle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following features is found in the floor of the mouth?

Ventral surface of the tongue Signup and view all the answers

Which duct is associated with the submandibular salivary glands?

Wharton's duct Signup and view all the answers

What action does the hyoglossus muscle perform on the tongue?

Depresses and retracts the tongue Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical appearance of the floor of the mouth?

Reddish-pink and shiny Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles support the floor of the mouth?

Mylohyoid, Hyoglossus, and Geniohyoid Signup and view all the answers

What action does the mylohyoid muscle perform?

Forms the floor of the oral cavity and aids in depression of the mandible Signup and view all the answers

Where does the mylohyoid muscle originate?

Inner surface of the mandible Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is NOT associated with the appearance of the floor of the mouth?

White patches Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the hyoglossus muscle?

Depression of the tongue Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the geniohyoid muscle?

Elevating the hyoid bone Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is primarily responsible for the innervation of the floor of the mouth?

Inferior alveolar nerve Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Floor of the Mouth (FOM)

The FOM is reddish-pink, vascular blue in areas with veins, shiny, moist, and compressible.
The FOM is supported by three muscles: mylohyoid, hyoglossus, and geniohyoid.
The mylohyoid muscle forms a sling from the mylohyoid line of the mandible to the hyoid bone, assisting in elevating the FOM and depressing the mandible.
The hyoglossus muscle originates from the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and inserts on the lateral border of the tongue, depressing and retracting the tongue.
The geniohyoid muscle originates from the inferior genial tubercle of the mandible and inserts on the body of the hyoid bone, elevating the hyoid bone, shortening the FOM, and widening the pharynx.
Key features of the FOM include the lingual frenum, sublingual papillae, mandibular tori, Wharton's duct (submandibular salivary gland), Bartholin's and Rivinus ducts (sublingual salivary glands), and floor of the mouth minor salivary glands.
The FOM is innervated by the trigeminal nerve (mylohyoid branch) and supplied by the inferior alveolar, sublingual, and submental arteries.

Palate

The palate is divided into the hard palate and soft palate.

Hard Palate

The hard palate is pink, immobile, firm, and more cushioned laterally and firmer medially.
Key features of the hard palate include the incisive papilla, palatine rugae, median palatine raphe, and palatal tori.
Changes in the hard palate can include colour, texture, and impact on function. Examples include cleft palate, smokers keratosis, denture stomatitis, Kaposi sarcoma, and thermal trauma.

Soft Palate

The soft palate is deeper pink (possibly yellowish), moist, compressible, and elastic.
The soft palate features the uvula, pillars of the fauces (anterior pillar, palatoglossal arch, posterior pillar, palatopharyngeal arch), tonsillar fossa, and pterygomandibular fold.
The soft palate is innervated by the lesser palatine nerve and supplied by the lesser palatine arteries.
Changes in the soft palate can include color, texture, and impact on function. Examples include Candida albicans, aphthous ulcers, and other lesions.

Nerve Innervation and Blood Supply

The hard palate is innervated by the greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves (branches of the maxillary nerve, a branch of the trigeminal nerve V).
The soft palate is innervated by the lesser palatine nerve (branch of the maxillary nerve, a branch of the trigeminal nerve V).
The hard palate is supplied by the greater palatine artery.
The soft palate is supplied by the lesser palatine arteries.

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