Anatomy of Thoracic Wall and Diaphragm Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which muscle forms the deepest layer of the intercostal spaces and extends anteriorly to the sternum?

Internal intercostal muscle

Posterior intercostal membranes

External intercostal muscle

Transversus thoracis muscle (correct)

What anatomical structures are found in each intercostal space?

Transversus thoracis muscle, diaphragm, phrenic nerve

Intercostal muscles, intercostal vessels, intercostal nerves (correct)

External oblique muscle, internal oblique muscle, rectus abdominis muscle

Subclavius muscle, serratus anterior muscle, pectoralis major muscle

Which muscle forms the superficial layer of the intercostal spaces and attaches superiorly to the inferior border of the rib above?

External intercostal muscle (correct)

Transversus thoracis muscle

Internal intercostal muscle

Posterior intercostal membranes

From its origin at the floors of the costal grooves, which direction do the fibers of the internal intercostal muscle run?

Downwards, backwards, and laterally Signup and view all the answers

What are the spaces between the ribs and costal cartilages called?

Intercostal spaces Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle forms the middle layer of the intercostal spaces and runs downwards, backwards, and laterally from its origin at the floors of the costal grooves?

Internal intercostal muscle Signup and view all the answers

To which structures do the external intercostal muscles attach superiorly and inferiorly?

Superior border of the rib above and inferior border of the same rib Signup and view all the answers

Where are the muscle fibers of external intercostal muscles directed?

Downwards, forwards, and medially Signup and view all the answers

What replaces the muscle fibers of external intercostal muscles anteriorly?

External intercostal membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle extends anteriorly to the sternum and is replaced posteriorly by the posterior intercostal membranes?

Internal intercostal muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle arises from the roots of the transverse processes, the sides of the vertebral bodies, and the intervertebral discs, from the 12th thoracic to the 5th lumbar vertebrae?

Psoas major Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle arises from the adjacent parts of the bodies of the last thoracic vertebra and the first lumbar vertebra?

Psoas minor Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle passes deep to the inguinal ligament to reach the lesser trochanter of the femur?

Psoas major Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle originates from the iliac fossa and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur?

Iliacus Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle contributes to the superior part of the posterior abdominal wall and is part of the posterior abdominal wall muscles?

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Intercostal Muscles and Spaces

The innermost intercostal muscle forms the deepest layer of intercostal spaces and extends anteriorly to the sternum.
Each intercostal space contains 3 main structures: intercostal muscles, intercostal nerves, and intercostal vessels (arteries and veins).
The external intercostal muscle is the superficial layer, attaching superiorly to the inferior border of the rib above.
Internal intercostal muscle fibers run downward and forward from their origin at the floors of the costal grooves.
The spaces between ribs and costal cartilages are called intercostal spaces.
The internal intercostal muscle forms the middle layer, running downwards, backwards, and laterally from its origin at the floors of the costal grooves.

Attachments and Fiber Directions

External intercostal muscles attach superiorly to the inferior border of the rib above and inferiorly to the superior border of the rib below.
Muscle fibers of external intercostal muscles are directed downward and forward.
Anteriorly, muscle fibers of external intercostal muscles are replaced by anterior intercostal membranes.

Other Important Muscles

The sternocleidomastoid muscle extends anteriorly to the sternum and is replaced posteriorly by the posterior intercostal membranes.
The psoas major muscle arises from the roots of the transverse processes, sides of the vertebral bodies, and intervertebral discs from T12 to L5.
The quadratus lumborum muscle originates from the adjacent parts of the bodies of the last thoracic vertebra (T12) and the first lumbar vertebra (L1).
The iliopsoas muscle passes deep to the inguinal ligament to reach the lesser trochanter of the femur.
The iliacus muscle originates from the iliac fossa and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur.
The psoas major muscle contributes to the superior part of the posterior abdominal wall and is part of the posterior abdominal wall muscles.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the anatomy of the thoracic wall and diaphragm, including intercostal spaces, muscles, vessels, and nerves. Learn about the anatomical structures found in the 11 intercostal spaces on each side.