Lecture 6 MHS1101
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Questions and Answers

What is the region between the shoulder and elbow joints called?

  • brachium (correct)
  • axilla
  • pectoral girdle
  • antebrachium

    • What is the bony structure that forms the apex of the shoulder?

  • supraspinous fossa
  • coracoid process
  • acromion process (correct)
  • glenoid cavity

    • What is the joint formed by the articulation of the scapula and humerus?

  • glenohumeral joint (correct)
  • scapulothoracic joint
  • sternoclavicular joint
  • humeroradial joint

    • What is the region of the upper limb that extends from the elbow joint to the wrist joint?

    <p>antebrachium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the surface of the scapula that faces the thorax?

    <p>subscapular fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the passage for nerve and vessels located on the superior border of the scapula?

    <p>suprascapular notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the bony structure that connects the upper limb to the rest of the skeleton?

    <p>clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shallow socket on the lateral angle of the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus?

    <p>glenoid cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is surrounding the scapula?

    <p>Layers of muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fracture occurs at the distal 2cm of the radius?

    <p>Colles fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bones form the wrist?

    <p>8 short bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pisiform bone?

    <p>To act as a sesamoid bone in the tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of poor blood supply to the proximal scaphoid?

    <p>Bone necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metacarpal is proximal to the base of the thumb?

    <p>Metacarpal I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many phalanges do the fingers have?

    <p>3 phalanges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the joint that connects the wrist to the forearm?

    <p>Radiocarpal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the scapula serves as the origin for the long head of the biceps brachii?

    <p>Supraglenoid tubercle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle in the anterior compartment of the arm is primarily responsible for the flexion of the forearm?

    <p>Brachialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion point of the coracobrachialis muscle?

    <p>Shaft of the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the triceps muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm?

    <p>Radial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which head of the triceps originates from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula?

    <p>Long head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the biceps brachii muscle?

    <p>Flexion and medial rotation of the forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the brachialis muscle originate?

    <p>Shaft of the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm?

    <p>Musculocutaneous nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle attachment is associated with the immovable point?

    <p>Origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle acts as a flexor in the brachium region?

    <p>Biceps brachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for the extension of the head?

    <p>Trapezius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is performed by the semispinalis thoracis on the vertebral column?

    <p>Extension and contralateral rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the quadratus lumborum?

    <p>Ipsilateral flexion of the lumbar vertebral column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle stabilizes adjacent vertebrae and helps maintain posture?

    <p>Multifidus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group includes the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis?

    <p>Erector spinae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a fixator muscle play?

    <p>Prevents movement of a bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle primarily elevates the scapula?

    <p>Levator scapulae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of the pectoralis major during climbing?

    <p>Bringing the trunk upwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles assists in the protraction and rotation of the scapula?

    <p>Serratus Anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion point of the latissimus dorsi?

    <p>Humerus (anterior) [intertubercular sulcus]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles form the rotator cuff around the shoulder joint?

    <p>Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is primarily responsible for medial rotation of the humerus?

    <p>Subscapularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the brachial plexus primarily supply nerves?

    <p>Muscles and skin of the upper limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery and vein are a continuation of the subclavian artery and vein?

    <p>Axillary artery and vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nerve supply of the biceps brachii muscle?

    <p>Musculocutaneous nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the scapula serves as the origin for the long head of the biceps brachii?

    <p>Supraglenoid tubercle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the brachialis muscle?

    <p>Flexion of the forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the nerve supply of the triceps muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm?

    <p>Radial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion point of the coracobrachialis muscle?

    <p>Shaft of the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is primarily responsible for the flexion of the forearm?

    <p>Biceps brachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nerve supply of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm?

    <p>Musculocutaneous nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the sensory and motor fibers of the brachial plexus?

    <p>Ventral rami of C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bones is not part of the proximal row of carpal bones?

    <p>Trapezoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fracture is associated with forced dorsiflexion of the wrist?

    <p>Colles fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main outcome of the poor blood supply to the proximal scaphoid?

    <p>Bone necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metacarpal is located proximal to the base of the little finger?

    <p>Metacarpal V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a comminuted fracture?

    <p>Bone crushes into fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bone is the pisiform classified as?

    <p>Sesamoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones form the palm of the hand?

    <p>Metacarpals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many phalanges are present in each finger, excluding the thumb?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for elevating the scapula and tilting the glenoid cavity inferiorly?

    <p>Levator scapulae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula and plays a role in shoulder depression?

    <p>Pectoralis minor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle acts in the medial rotation of the humerus and has its origin on the costal surface of the scapula?

    <p>Subscapularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle of the upper limb has its insertion at the medial border of the scapula and is involved in the protraction and rotation of the scapula?

    <p>Serratus anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle, when damaged in terms of its nerve supply, can cause shoulder drooping?

    <p>Trapezius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle's function includes the flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm, and is utilized during climbing to bring the trunk upwards?

    <p>Pectoralis major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle originates from the lateral border of the scapula and laterally rotates the humerus?

    <p>Teres minor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle has its origin at the spinous processes of T2-T5 and its insertion at the medial border of the scapula, and is involved in the retraction and elevation of the scapula?

    <p>Rhomboid major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature of the scapula forms the apex of the shoulder?

    <p>Acromion process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the scapula serves as an attachment site for muscles on its ventral surface?

    <p>Coracoid process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature of the scapula provides passage for nerves and vessels?

    <p>Suprascapular notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The glenohumeral joint is formed by the articulation of which two structures?

    <p>Glenoid cavity and humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the scapula is described as a concave anterior surface?

    <p>Subscapular fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone articulates with the scapula at the acromion process?

    <p>Clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pectoral girdle consists of which two bones?

    <p>Scapula and clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature of the scapula provides a broad surface below the spine for muscle attachment?

    <p>Infraspinous fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the antagonist muscle play in muscle movement?

    <p>It opposes the prime mover and prevents excessive movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is a neck flexor?

    <p>Sternocleidomastoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is involved in the extension and lateral flexion of the vertebral column?

    <p>Erector spinae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle acts as a fixator, preventing movement of a bone?

    <p>Fixator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the semispinalis thoracis muscle on the vertebral column?

    <p>Extension and contralateral rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for flexion of the head?

    <p>Sternocleidomastoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group extends from the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis?

    <p>Erector spinae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle aids the prime mover in muscle action?

    <p>Synergist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for the abduction of the humerus?

    <p>Supraspinatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the levator scapulae muscle?

    <p>Elevation of the scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for the medial rotation of the humerus?

    <p>Teres major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion point of the pectoralis major muscle?

    <p>Humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for the extension of the flexed arm?

    <p>Posterior fibres of the deltoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the rotator cuff muscles?

    <p>Stabilization of the glenohumeral joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for the depression of the shoulder?

    <p>Pectoralis minor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

    <p>T6-12 spines, lower 3-4 ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carpal bone is a sesamoid bone by age 9 to 12?

    <p>Pisiform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is formed by the eight short bones in the wrist?

    <p>Synovial joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone is part of the distal row of carpal bones?

    <p>Trapezium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is characteristic of a Colles fracture?

    <p>Dorsal displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metacarpal is located proximal to the base of the little finger?

    <p>Metacarpal V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the wrist has poor blood supply to its proximal part and is prone to bone necrosis?

    <p>Scaphoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the finger bone located closest to the palm?

    <p>Proximal phalanx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phalanges are present in the thumb?

    <p>Only proximal and distal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical feature of the scapula provides a passage for nerve and vessels?

    <p>Suprascapular notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the glenoid cavity located on the lateral angle of the scapula?

    <p>To form the glenohumeral joint with the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature does the coracoid process of the scapula serve?

    <p>It provides an attachment site for muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which description best fits the supraspinous fossa of the scapula?

    <p>Surface above the spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone connects the upper limb to the trunk?

    <p>Clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is located on the postero-lateral aspect of the thorax and overlies ribs 2-7?

    <p>Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure articulates with the clavicle to form the only bony attachment of the scapula to the rest of the skeleton?

    <p>Acromion process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the subscapular fossa of the scapula located?

    <p>Anterior surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plexus is formed by the ventral rami of C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1?

    <p>Brachial plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the triceps brachii muscle?

    <p>Extends shoulder and forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm?

    <p>Radial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the short head of the biceps brachii originate?

    <p>Coracoid process of the scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion point of the brachialis muscle?

    <p>Coronoid process of ulna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compartment of the arm is the coracobrachialis muscle located in?

    <p>Anterior (flexor) compartment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does the biceps brachii muscle NOT perform?

    <p>Extension of forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the humerus is the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii?

    <p>Infraglenoid tubercle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the fixator muscle?

    <p>To prevent movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is classified as a neck flexor?

    <p>Sternocleidomastoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the triceps brachii muscle?

    <p>Extension of the forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do muscles that act on the head attach?

    <p>On the vertebral column, thoracic cage, and pectoral girdle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the multifidus muscle?

    <p>Stabilization of adjacent vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle attachment is associated with the movable point?

    <p>Insertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is classified as a neck extensor?

    <p>Semispinalis capitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the muscles that act on the vertebral column?

    <p>Extension and lateral flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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