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Anatomy of the Nose Quiz
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Anatomy of the Nose Quiz

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@EffectualBasil

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended technique to stop a nosebleed?

  • Massaging the temples gently
  • Pinching the bridge of the nose just below the bony ridge (correct)
  • Placing a cold pack on the back of the neck
  • Applying a warm compress on the forehead

    • Why should individuals with an increased risk of epistaxis avoid lying down or tilting their head back during a nosebleed?

  • To encourage blood flow towards the nostrils
  • To prevent blood from entering the lungs
  • To reduce the risk of aspirating blood (correct)
  • To prevent clot formation in the nose

    • Why is it recommended not to blow your nose after a nosebleed?

  • To prevent restarting the nosebleed (correct)
  • To avoid expelling blood clots
  • To prevent nasal congestion
  • To reduce the risk of sneezing

    • What is the purpose of using a cool-mist humidifier after a nosebleed?

    <p>To keep the nasal mucosa moist and prevent nosebleeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are individuals encouraged to use saline nasal spray or drops regularly?

    <p>To maintain proper nasal hygiene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the recommended technique for proper sneezing?

    <p>Sneeze into a tissue or handkerchief, then dispose of it properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using saline nasal spray?

    <p>To moisturize and soothe dry nasal passages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions should be avoided to prevent potential nasal injuries?

    <p>Inserting foreign objects into the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the paranasal sinuses?

    <p>To act as resonating chambers for speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nasal cavity is responsible for trapping dust and microorganisms from inhaled air?

    <p>The ciliated mucous membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper ratio of salt to water when making a saline solution at home?

    <p>1 teaspoon of salt per 1 quart of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should you boil the water when making a saline solution at home?

    <p>20 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended technique for sneezing?

    <p>Sneeze into a tissue or your elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you avoid doing when you have a nasal congestion?

    <p>Both a and b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT recommended to help manage nasal congestion?

    <p>Blow your nose forcefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is recommended for preventing epistaxis (nosebleeds) in palliative care patients?

    <p>Using a saline nasal spray to keep nasal passages moist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended technique for sneezing to minimize the risk of epistaxis?

    <p>Sneezing with an open mouth to reduce nasal pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions should be avoided to prevent epistaxis in palliative care patients?

    <p>Inserting fingers or other objects into the nostrils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In palliative care patients, which of the following is a potential cause of epistaxis?

    <p>Radiation therapy or the presence of a tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about epistaxis in palliative care patients is correct?

    <p>Epistaxis can result from the disease condition or independent factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To help prevent epistaxis (nosebleeds) during dry weather or when using home heating systems, what should be done?

    <p>Use a humidifier to add moisture to the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When sneezing, which technique should be avoided to reduce the risk of epistaxis?

    <p>Suppress the sneeze by closing your mouth and nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided to prevent potential injury or epistaxis?

    <p>Inserting a cotton swab or other object into the nostril</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most appropriate technique for managing epistaxis (nosebleeds)?

    <p>Firmly pinching the soft part of the nose for 5-10 minutes while leaning forward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the use of saline nasal sprays is true?

    <p>Saline nasal sprays can help keep the nasal passages moist and prevent crusting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended technique for sneezing to prevent nosebleeds?

    <p>Sneeze into a tissue or handkerchief to catch any blood or mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions should be avoided to prevent nosebleeds?

    <p>Picking or blowing the nose forcefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about inserting objects into the nose is true?

    <p>Inserting objects into the nose can cause further damage and should be avoided</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trachea branches into two primary ______, one entering each lung

    <p>bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bronchi are lined with ciliated epithelial cells and mucus-producing ______ cells

    <p>goblet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bronchioles are smaller branches of the bronchi that lack cartilage in their ______

    <p>walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Smooth muscle surrounds bronchioles, allowing them to regulate airflow by constricting or dilating in response to signals from the ______ system

    <p>nervous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alveoli are tiny, grape-like air sacs at the end of the bronchioles where ______ exchange occurs

    <p>gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The walls of the alveoli are extremely thin to facilitate efficient gas ______

    <p>exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Surfactant, a substance produced by alveolar cells, helps to reduce surface tension within the alveoli, preventing their collapse during ______

    <p>exhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alveoli are surrounded by a network of ______, allowing for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries

    <p>capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oral and parenteral opiates are widely accepted as providing good symptom relief, and the risk of significant respiratory depression appears to be negligible. Oral morphine is widely used to manage ______.

    <p>dyspnoea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anxiolytic and antitussive effects of diamorphine make it ideal for ______ cancer.

    <p>lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oral morphine can be used safely for the management of dyspnoea, even with COPD, if the patient is started on a low dose, and it is titrated according to response and side effects. Patients not already receiving morphine should start at doses of 5 mg 4 hourly/prn. For those already on morphine, whether for pain or dyspnoea, the overall dose may need to be increased by 30% to 50%. When the oral route is no longer available, administration by continuous subcutaneous infusion is acceptable. It may be combined with a ______.

    <p>benzodiazepine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The use of nebulised opiates is not ______.

    <p>recommended</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In extreme dyspnoea and distress, intravenous or subcutaneous diamorphine is often used for more rapid relief than by the oral ______.

    <p>route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is as much reason to be cautious about respiratory depression with benzodiazepines as with opiates but they are commonly used to treat dyspnoea in ______ care.

    <p>palliative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There is no evidence for a beneficial effect of benzodiazepines for the relief of dyspnoea associated with ______ or COPD.

    <p>cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the oral route is no longer available, administration by continuous subcutaneous infusion is ______.

    <p>acceptable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ANXIOLYTICS There is as much reason to be cautious about respiratory depression with benzodiazepines as with opiates but they are commonly used to treat dyspnoea in ______ care.

    <p>palliative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To make the saline solution at home, mix 1 teaspoon of salt into 1 quart of tap water. Boil water for 20 minutes, and let cool until lukewarm. Avoid blowing your nose too forcefully. Sneeze through an open mouth. Always sneeze into a tissue or your elbow. Avoid putting anything solid into your nose, including your fingers. Quit smoking or not smoke. Keep fingernails short. To help prevent _______, what should be done?

    <p>epistaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ are smaller branches of the bronchi that lack cartilage in their walls.

    <p>bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trachea branches into two primary ______, one entering each lung.

    <p>bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Smooth muscle surrounds bronchioles, allowing them to regulate airflow by constricting or dilating in response to signals from the ______ system.

    <p>nervous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The walls of the alveoli are extremely thin to facilitate efficient gas ______.

    <p>exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alveoli are surrounded by a network of ______, allowing for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries.

    <p>capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Surfactant, a substance produced by alveolar cells, helps to reduce surface tension within the alveoli, preventing their collapse during ______.

    <p>exhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alveoli are tiny, grape-like air sacs at the end of the bronchioles where ______ exchange occurs.

    <p>gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glycopyrronium bromide 200 micrograms 6- to 8-hourly as required and hyoscine hydrobromide 400 micrograms 2-hourly are other options. COUGH in people with people with cancer is most commonly associated with cancer of the airways, lungs, pleura, and mediastinum, but tumours metastasizing to the thorax can also cause ______. In people with cancer, the most common cause of acute ______ is respiratory tract 14 infection. The most severe ______ is convulsive, unending, and permits no other object of attention. COMMON GENERAL CAUSES Cough in palliative care patients can be due to causes similar to those in the general population. In some patients, the ______ is an indication that there is an exacerbation of a comorbid illness (such as COPD or bronchiectasis) or an acute pulmonary infection that can be treated. Cough may also be due to conditions which can be relatively easily addressed, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or caused by a medication side effect (eg, angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors). While cessation of cigarette smoking (or other inhaled irritants) is useful as a response to resultant ______ in the general population, smoking cessation is often not realistic and/or helpful in patients with a limited prognosis of weeks or a short number of months. SPECIFIC CAUSES IN PALLIATIVE CARE — Certain causes of ______ are more common in palliative care patients.

    <p>cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In people with cancer, the most common cause of acute ______ is respiratory tract infection.

    <p>cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The most severe ______ is convulsive, unending, and permits no other object of attention.

    <p>cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cough in palliative care patients can be due to causes similar to those in the general ______.

    <p>population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cough may also be due to conditions which can be relatively easily addressed, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or caused by a medication side effect (eg, angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] ______).

    <p>inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    While cessation of cigarette smoking (or other inhaled irritants) is useful as a response to resultant ______ in the general population, smoking cessation is often not realistic and/or helpful in patients with a limited prognosis of weeks or a short number of months.

    <p>cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    SPECIFIC CAUSES IN PALLIATIVE CARE — Certain causes of ______ are more common in palliative care patients.

    <p>cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cough in people with cancer is most commonly associated with cancer of the airways, lungs, pleura, and mediastinum, but tumours metastasizing to the thorax can also cause ______.

    <p>cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, or bronchiectasis can alter the normal function of the airways, making them more susceptible to infections.

    <p>Chronic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    23 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Continuous cough High temperature, fever or chills Loss of or change in, your normal sense of taste or smell Shortness of breath Unexplained tiredness, lack of energy Muscle aches or pains that are not due to exercise Not wanting to eat or not feeling hungry Headache that is unusual or longer lasting than usual Sore throat, stuffy or runny nose Diarrhoea Feeling sick or being sick

    <p>PREVENTION</p> Signup and view all the answers

    23 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Continuous cough High temperature, fever or chills Loss of or change in, your normal sense of taste or smell Shortness of breath Unexplained tiredness, lack of energy Muscle aches or pains that are not due to exercise Not wanting to eat or not feeling hungry Headache that is unusual or longer lasting than usual Sore throat, stuffy or runny nose Diarrhoea Feeling sick or being sick PREVENTION

    <p>Minimizing exposure to environmental pollutants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    23 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Continuous cough High temperature, fever or chills Loss of or change in, your normal sense of taste or smell Shortness of breath Unexplained tiredness, lack of energy Muscle aches or pains that are not due to exercise Not wanting to eat or not feeling hungry

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

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