Anatomy of the Nose and Nasal Cavity
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Questions and Answers

What is the only externally visible part of the respiratory system?

  • Lungs
  • Trachea
  • Bronchi
  • Nose (correct)

    • Which structure attaches the nose to the forehead?

  • Ala
  • Bridge (correct)
  • Tip
  • Nasal septum

    • What are the anterior (external) openings of the nose called?

  • Nares or nostrils (correct)
  • Sinuses
  • Septum
  • Alveoli

    • Which structure is medial to each nostril?

    <p>Nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is lateral to each nostril?

    <p>Ala</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the floor of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Hard (bony) palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone is located superiorly in the medial wall (nasal septum) of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which direction is the roof of the nasal cavity formed?

    <p>From posterior to anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The posterior part of the medial wall (nasal septum) is formed by which bone?

    <p>Vomer bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medial wall (nasal septum) of the nasal cavity covered by?

    <p>Mucoperiosteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure separates the nasal cavity from the cranial cavity?

    <p>Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the sella turcica located?

    <p>Sphenoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is located just below the superior turbinate?

    <p>Superior nasal meatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx?

    <p>Auditory (eustachian) tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nasal cavity houses the olfactory nerves?

    <p>Cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone is part of the upper framework of the nose?

    <p>Nasal bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the inferior concha (turbinate)?

    <p>Increases the surface area of the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the adenoid (posterior nasopharyngeal tonsil) located?

    <p>At the junction of nasopharynx and oropharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the lower part of the nose?

    <p>Plates of hyaline cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the right and left halves of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the uvula?

    <p>Assists in the articulation of sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary of the posterior part of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Posterior nares (choanae)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not part of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Pharyngeal wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures can be found on the lateral wall?

    <p>Three horizontal bony projections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mucous membrane covering on the lateral wall?

    <p>The superior, middle, &amp; inferior conchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for the conchae on the lateral wall?

    <p>Turbinates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conchae is NOT found on the lateral wall?

    <p>Anterior conchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many conchae are found on the lateral wall?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Providing structural support to the face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific role does the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity play?

    <p>Involvement in the sense of smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the nasal cavity to the sinuses?

    <p>Relatively small apertures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily responsible for draining the sinuses?

    <p>Movement of cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bones contain sinuses?

    <p>Frontal bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the olfactory sensory epithelium located?

    <p>Top of the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the frontal sinuses located relative to the orbital part of the skull?

    <p>Above the orbits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sinuses are divided into anterior, middle, and posterior groups?

    <p>Ethmoidal sinuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a function of the paranasal sinuses?

    <p>Assist in hearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the maxillary sinuses located?

    <p>Within the body of the maxilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Through which structure do the frontal sinuses open into the middle meatus?

    <p>Infundibulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sinuses are located under the orbits in the upper jaw bone?

    <p>Maxillary sinuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the roof of the maxillary sinuses?

    <p>Floor of the orbit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which teeth roots can project into the floor of the maxillary sinuses?

    <p>Roots of 1st and 2nd premolars and the 3rd molar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the two frontal sinuses from each other?

    <p>Cartilaginous septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Through which structure do the maxillary sinuses open into the middle meatus?

    <p>Hiatus semilunaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is the most reliable for determining if the sinuses are obstructed?

    <p>CT scanning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones contain the maxillary sinuses?

    <p>Maxillary bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging modality is best for diagnosing sinusitis?

    <p>CT scanning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the ethmoid sinuses located?

    <p>Ethmoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic best describes paranasal sinus cavities?

    <p>Hollow, air-filled spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the sphenoidal sinuses?

    <p>Posterior ethmoidal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the sphenoidal sinuses open into?

    <p>Sphenoethmoidal recess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sinus is located within the zygomatic process?

    <p>Maxillary sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of the sphenoidal sinuses?

    <p>Lightening the skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone contains the sphenoidal sinuses?

    <p>Sphenoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nose

    • The nose is the only externally visible part of the respiratory system
    • Composed of bony and cartilaginous framework
    • Formed above by nasal bones, frontal processes of maxillae, and nasal part of frontal bone
    • Formed below by plates of hyaline cartilage, including upper and lower nasal cartilages and the septal cartilage

    Nasal Cavity

    • Extends from the external nares to the posterior nares (choanae)
    • Divided into right and left halves by the nasal septum
    • Each half has a floor, roof, lateral wall, and medial wall (septum)

    Nasal Cavity Structure

    • Floor separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity and is formed by the hard palate
    • Roof is narrow and formed by the body of sphenoid, cribriform plate of ethmoid bone, frontal bone, and nasal bone and cartilage
    • Medial wall (nasal septum) is osteocartilaginous, lying in the midline, and covered by the mucoperiosteum
    • Lateral wall shows three horizontal bony projections, covered by mucous membrane, the superior, middle, and inferior conchae (turbinates)

    Functions of the Nose and Nasal Cavity

    • Conditions the air (warming, humidifying, and filtering) before it reaches the lungs
    • Helps to produce resonant sounds for speech
    • Houses the olfactory region, responsible for the sense of smell
    • Plays a role in the aesthetics of the face

    Paranasal Sinuses

    • Air-filled cavities within the bones of the skull surrounding the nasal cavity
    • Functions: lighten the skull, act as resonant chambers for speech, and help to warm and moisten the air
    • Four types: frontal, ethmoid, maxillary, and sphenoid

    Frontal Sinus

    • Located within the frontal bone
    • Forms the brow ridges and the upper part of the nasal cavity

    Ethmoid Sinus

    • Located in the ethmoid bone
    • Consists of multiple air-filled cells between the eye and the nose, divided into three groups: anterior, posterior, and middle

    Maxillary Sinus

    • Located within the body of the maxilla
    • Pyramidal in shape, with the base forming the lateral wall of the nose and the apex lying in the zygomatic process of the maxilla
    • Roof is formed by the floor of the orbit
    • Floor is formed by the alveolar border
    • Opens into the middle meatus through the hiatus semilunaris

    Sphenoidal Sinus

    • Located within the body of the sphenoid bone
    • Two in number, opening into the sphenoethmoidal recess
    • Supplied by the posterior ethmoidal nerve

    Diagnosis of Paranasal Sinuses Defect

    • Diagnosis can be made using X-ray and Computed Tomography (CT)
    • CT scanning is painless, noninvasive, and accurate, and is the most reliable imaging technique for determining if the sinuses are obstructed

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    Description

    Explore the structure and composition of the nose and nasal cavity, from bony and cartilaginous framework to nasal septum and posterior nares.

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