Anatomy of the Nervous System Quiz

The superior part of the brain, comprising 83% of its mass, containing ridges (gyri), grooves (sulci), and fissures, separated by the longitudinal fissure, and possessing cortex, white matter, and basal nuclei.

Deep sulci divide the cerebral hemispheres into five lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and insula.

Separates the frontal and parietal lobes.

Superficial gray matter making up roughly 40% of the brain's mass, enabling sensation, communication, memory, understanding, and voluntary movements. Each hemisphere controls the opposite side of the body.

The cerebral cortex contains motor areas (controlling movement), sensory areas (sensing), and association areas (integrating information).

Located in the frontal lobe, involved in motor speech, helping produce speech movements.

Each hemisphere controls the opposite side of the body.

Different tasks may primarily be related to one side of the brain.

The cerebellum is located behind the pons and medulla, underneath the occipital lobes of the cerebrum.

The cerebellum helps coordinate voluntary movements, maintaining balance, and timing muscle contractions.

A network of interconnected arteries at the base of the brain that equalizes blood pressure to the brain.

The Circle of Willis is formed by the anterior cerebral arteries, anterior communicating artery, internal carotid arteries, posterior communicating arteries, and posterior cerebral arteries.

The part of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord, including nerves and receptors.

Part of the PNS that controls voluntary movements and sensory input.

Tree-like pattern of white matter in the cerebellum.

12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves that make up the Sensory-Somatic Nervous System, part of the Peripheral Nervous System.

Nerves in the chest region that branch into sensory and mixed nerves.

Sensory branches of thoracic nerves.

Mixed nerves (sensory and motor) of thoracic nerves.

Branches of spinal nerves; further divide into medial and lateral branches.

Sensory branches of posterior rami.

Motor branches of posterior rami.

Network of nerves in the neck region.

Anterior branches of spinal nerves; form nerve plexuses.

Major network of nerves in the shoulder region, supplying the upper limb.

Network of nerves in the lower back, supplying the lower abdominal wall, genitals, and lower limbs.

A network of nerves arising from spinal nerves L4-S5.

A language disorder where a person can understand speech but cannot produce it themselves.

The anterior branches of spinal nerves, often forming plexuses.

A brain area crucial for understanding speech and using the correct words for thoughts; located in the parietal and temporal lobes.

A nerve supplying muscles of the hip.

A language disorder where a person can produce speech but cannot understand it.

The deep myelinated fibers in the brain that connect different areas of the cerebrum and the CNS.

A nerve to the perineal region.

A large nerve that branches into the tibial and common fibular nerves.

Brain fibers that connect corresponding areas of the two brain hemispheres.

Clusters of gray matter within the brain involved in movement and other cognitive functions.

Supplies sensory information from the back of the thigh.

A branch of the sciatic nerve that extends towards the calf and foot.

A part of the basal ganglia, made up of the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus.

A branch of the sciatic nerve, part of the peripheral nervous system.

The central core of the forebrain, surrounded by the cerebrum, enclosing the third ventricle.

Paired egg-shaped structures that act as a relay station for sensory information to the cerebral cortex.

Located below the thalamus, it controls many vital functions, including body temperature, hunger, and the endocrine system.

Connects spinal nerves to the sympathetic trunk.

Automatic response to a stimulus, controlled by a spinal reflex arc.

Pathway involved in a reflex; includes receptor, afferent pathway, integrating center, efferent pathway, and response.

Nerves emerging directly from the brain (not spinal cord).

Area of skin supplied by a specific spinal nerve.