Questions and Answers
What movement is associated with eversion of the foot?
Which nerve is primarily responsible for the sensory function in the dorsum of the foot?
What is the origin of the peroneus longus muscle?
Which nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?
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What is the insertion point for the peroneus brevis muscle?
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Which muscle is NOT included in the anterior compartment of the leg?
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What is the primary action of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?
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Which of the following is a correct insertion point for the tibialis anterior muscle?
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What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?
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Which of the following actions is NOT associated with the peroneus tertius?
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Study Notes
Compartments of the Leg
- The leg consists of three compartments: anterior, lateral, and posterior.
- Anterior compartment is responsible for dorsiflexion and contains anterior tibial blood vessels and nerve.
- Lateral compartment facilitates plantar flexion and foot eversion, supplied by the superficial peroneal nerve.
- Posterior compartment aids in plantar flexion and contains posterior tibial blood vessels and nerve.
Anterior Compartment of the Leg
- Mnemonic: "Tom Has Very Nice Dogs and Pigs" to remember muscle contents.
- Contains tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius, anterior tibial blood vessels, and anterior tibial nerve.
- Muscle origins:
- Tibialis anterior: lateral surface of tibia.
- Extensor hallucis longus: anterior surface of fibula.
- Extensor digitorum longus and peroneus tertius: anterior surface of fibula.
- Muscle insertions:
- Tibialis anterior: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal bone.
- Extensor hallucis longus: base of the terminal phalanx of the big toe.
- Peroneus tertius: base of 5th metatarsal bone.
- Extensor digitorum longus: dorsal expansions of lateral 4 toes (middle and terminal phalanges).
Nerve Supply of Anterior Compartment
- Innervated by the anterior tibial nerve, also known as the deep peroneal nerve.
- The deep peroneal nerve branches into muscular, cutaneous, and articular branches.
Actions of Anterior Compartment Muscles
- Key action: Dorsiflexion of the foot.
- Tibialis anterior assists in foot inversion.
- Peroneus tertius aids in foot eversion (outward movement).
Lateral Compartment of the Leg
- Located laterally to the fibula.
- Contains two primary muscles: peroneus longus and peroneus brevis.
- Muscle origins:
- Peroneus longus: upper 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula.
- Peroneus brevis: lower 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula.
- Muscle insertions:
- Peroneus longus: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal bone.
- Peroneus brevis: base of 5th metatarsal bone.
Nerve Supply of Lateral Compartment
- Supplied by the superficial peroneal nerve, also referred to as the musculocutaneous nerve.
- Originates from the common peroneal nerve near the lateral side of the fibula's neck.
Actions of Lateral Compartment Muscles
- Functions primarily include plantar flexion of the ankle joint and eversion of the foot.
Overview of Superficial Peroneal Nerve
- Arises from the common peroneal nerve at the neck of the fibula.
- Inside the peroneus longus muscle.
- Pierces the deep fascia, becoming cutaneous in the lower leg and dividing into medial and lateral terminal branches.
- Branches include muscular and cutaneous components.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the anatomy of the leg compartments including the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments. This quiz will cover muscle functions, innervation, and blood supply associated with each compartment. Challenge yourself to deepen your understanding of leg anatomy.
