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Questions and Answers
What is the space between the lungs where the heart lies called?
What is the space between the lungs where the heart lies called?
- Mediastinum (correct)
- Endocardium
- Epicardium
- Myocardium
Which valve regulates the flow of deoxygenated blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle?
Which valve regulates the flow of deoxygenated blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle?
- Bicuspid (Mitrial)
- Aortic Valve
- Pulmonic Valve
- Tricuspid (correct)
Which artery is the largest in the body?
Which artery is the largest in the body?
- Femoral Artery
- Coronary Artery
- Aorta (correct)
- Pulmonary Artery
What is the pointed end of the heart resting on the diaphragm called?
What is the pointed end of the heart resting on the diaphragm called?
Which valve regulates the flow of oxygenated blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle?
Which valve regulates the flow of oxygenated blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle?
What is the middle layer of the heart, composed of cardiac muscle, called?
What is the middle layer of the heart, composed of cardiac muscle, called?
Which node in the heart acts as its natural pacemaker, generating electrical impulses that initiate and regulate heartbeat?
Which node in the heart acts as its natural pacemaker, generating electrical impulses that initiate and regulate heartbeat?
Which vessels carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
Which vessels carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
Which vessel brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
Which vessel brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
What is the outermost layer of the heart called?
What is the outermost layer of the heart called?
Which valve regulates the flow of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the aorta?
Which valve regulates the flow of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the aorta?
What is the innermost layer of the heart called?
What is the innermost layer of the heart called?
What is the function of the Purkinje fibers?
What is the function of the Purkinje fibers?
Where does the coronary sinus collect deoxygenated blood from?
Where does the coronary sinus collect deoxygenated blood from?
Which sound is associated with the beginning of ventricular systole?
Which sound is associated with the beginning of ventricular systole?
In which part of the body are sinusoid capillaries found?
In which part of the body are sinusoid capillaries found?
What results in edema?
What results in edema?
What is the function of arteries in the circulatory system?
What is the function of arteries in the circulatory system?
What is the unique ability of cardiac muscle to contract without nervous stimulation called?
What is the unique ability of cardiac muscle to contract without nervous stimulation called?
Which vessels are described as 'exchange vessels' in the circulatory system?
Which vessels are described as 'exchange vessels' in the circulatory system?
What occurs at the top of the heart where the vessels enter and leave?
What occurs at the top of the heart where the vessels enter and leave?
Which vessels return blood to the heart?
Which vessels return blood to the heart?
What is diffusion considered as in capillary exchange mechanisms?
What is diffusion considered as in capillary exchange mechanisms?
What is another name for veins in terms of their function?
What is another name for veins in terms of their function?
What is the mechanism that allows for the passage of large substances such as proteins in the liver and bone marrow capillaries?
What is the mechanism that allows for the passage of large substances such as proteins in the liver and bone marrow capillaries?
Where is the coronary sinus located in the heart?
Where is the coronary sinus located in the heart?
What results from the pressure of blood against a weakened area in the wall of an artery?
What results from the pressure of blood against a weakened area in the wall of an artery?
Which vessels are referred to as the exchange vessels of the circulatory system?
Which vessels are referred to as the exchange vessels of the circulatory system?
What is the smallest blood vessel in the vascular system?
What is the smallest blood vessel in the vascular system?
What occurs at the beginning of ventricular diastole when the semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic valves) close?
What occurs at the beginning of ventricular diastole when the semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic valves) close?
What is the term for cardiac cells at rest with no electrical activity taking place?
What is the term for cardiac cells at rest with no electrical activity taking place?
Where does systemic circulation begin?
Where does systemic circulation begin?
What is another name for veins in terms of their function?
What is another name for veins in terms of their function?
What is the space between the lungs and beneath the sternum where the heart resides called?
What is the space between the lungs and beneath the sternum where the heart resides called?
Which valve regulates the flow of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the aorta?
Which valve regulates the flow of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the aorta?
What is unique about cardiac muscle's ability to contract without nervous stimulation?
What is unique about cardiac muscle's ability to contract without nervous stimulation?
Which layer of the heart is responsible for generating electrical impulses that initiate and regulate heartbeat?
Which layer of the heart is responsible for generating electrical impulses that initiate and regulate heartbeat?
Which valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle, regulating the flow of deoxygenated blood?
Which valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle, regulating the flow of deoxygenated blood?
What is the largest artery in the body that regulates the flow of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the aorta?
What is the largest artery in the body that regulates the flow of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle into the aorta?
Which set of blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
Which set of blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
What is the function of the Sinoatrial Node (SA Node) in the heart?
What is the function of the Sinoatrial Node (SA Node) in the heart?
Where is the space between the lungs where the heart lies called?
Where is the space between the lungs where the heart lies called?
Which blood vessel brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
Which blood vessel brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
What is the pointed end of the heart resting on the diaphragm called?
What is the pointed end of the heart resting on the diaphragm called?
What is another name for veins in terms of their function?
What is another name for veins in terms of their function?
What is unique about cardiac muscle's ability to contract without nervous stimulation?
What is unique about cardiac muscle's ability to contract without nervous stimulation?
Which valves regulate the flow of deoxygenated blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle?
Which valves regulate the flow of deoxygenated blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle?
Which part of the heart is responsible for coordinating the electrical signals that regulate the rhythmic contraction of the heart muscle?
Which part of the heart is responsible for coordinating the electrical signals that regulate the rhythmic contraction of the heart muscle?
What is the term for cardiac cells at rest, with no electrical activity taking place?
What is the term for cardiac cells at rest, with no electrical activity taking place?
Where are sinusoid capillaries found, allowing for the passage of large substances such as proteins?
Where are sinusoid capillaries found, allowing for the passage of large substances such as proteins?
What results from the pressure of blood against a weakened area in the wall of an artery?
What results from the pressure of blood against a weakened area in the wall of an artery?
Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the myocardium and returns it to the right atrium for oxygenation?
Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the myocardium and returns it to the right atrium for oxygenation?
What is the term for the space between the lungs and beneath the sternum where the heart resides?
What is the term for the space between the lungs and beneath the sternum where the heart resides?
What is the unique ability of cardiac muscle to contract without nervous stimulation called?
What is the unique ability of cardiac muscle to contract without nervous stimulation called?
What is another name for veins in terms of their function as blood vessels?
What is another name for veins in terms of their function as blood vessels?
What is the function of the Purkinje fibers in the heart?
What is the function of the Purkinje fibers in the heart?
Where is the sinoatrial (SA) node located in the heart?
Where is the sinoatrial (SA) node located in the heart?
What is the term for cardiac cells at rest with no electrical activity taking place?
What is the term for cardiac cells at rest with no electrical activity taking place?
Which valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle, regulating the flow of oxygenated blood?
Which valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle, regulating the flow of oxygenated blood?
What is the function of arteries in the circulatory system?
What is the function of arteries in the circulatory system?
What is unique about cardiac muscle's ability to contract without nervous stimulation?
What is unique about cardiac muscle's ability to contract without nervous stimulation?
What occurs at the beginning of ventricular diastole when the semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic valves) close?
What occurs at the beginning of ventricular diastole when the semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic valves) close?
Where does systemic circulation begin?
Where does systemic circulation begin?
What is diffusion considered as in capillary exchange mechanisms?
What is diffusion considered as in capillary exchange mechanisms?
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Study Notes
- Mediastinum: space between lungs where the heart lies
- Apex: pointed end of heart resting on diaphragm
- Base: top of heart where vessels enter and leave
- Aorta: largest artery in the body
- Endocardium: heart's inner most layer
- Pericardium: heart's outermost layer
- Myocardium: middle layer of heart, cardiac muscle
- Epicardium: outermost layer of heart
- Pulmonary Artery: carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
- Vena Cava: veins carrying deoxygenated blood to the heart
- Pulmonary Vein: brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
- Tricuspid Valve: regulates flow of deoxygenated blood from right atrium to right ventricle
- Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve: regulates flow of oxygenated blood from left atrium to left ventricle
- Pulmonic Valve: carries oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium
- Aortic Valve: regulates flow of oxygenated blood from left ventricle into aorta
- Sinoatrial Node: heart's natural pacemaker, generates electrical impulses
- Bundle Branches: transmit impulses to Purkinje fibers
- Atrioventricular Node: coordinates electrical signals for heart muscle contraction
- Purkinje Fibers: stimulate ventricular muscle contraction and coordination
- Cardiac Output: blood pumped by ventricles per minute
- Coronary Sinus: large vein dividing left and right atria, returns blood to right atrium
- S1 and S2: sounds heard during heartbeats, signal closure of valves
- Capillaries: smallest blood vessels, site of nutrient exchange
- Pericardial sac: double-walled sac surrounding heart and great vessels
- Pulmonary Circulation: right ventricle circulation through lungs
- Systemic Circulation: left ventricle circulation through body
- Aneurysm: weakened area in artery wall, results in bulge or sac
- Arteries: vessels carrying blood away from heart
- Sinusoids: unique capillaries in liver and bone marrow for protein passage
- Capacitance: veins, stores blood for circulation
- Exchange: capillaries, site of nutrient exchange and waste removal
- Edema: accumulation of fluid in tissues
- Diffusion: capillary exchange mechanism for gases and small molecules.
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