Heart Anatomy and Functions

Heart Chambers

• Right Atrium (RA): Located in the upper right part of the heart.

  • Receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the Superior and Inferior Vena Cava.

• Right Ventricle (RV): Located in the lower right part of the heart.

  • Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the Pulmonary Artery for oxygenation.

• Left Atrium (LA): Located in the upper left part of the heart.

  • Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the Pulmonary Veins.

• Left Ventricle (LV): Located in the lower left part of the heart.

  • Pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body via the Aorta.

Heart Valves

• Tricuspid Valve: Located between the Right Atrium and Right Ventricle.

  • Prevents blood from flowing back into the Right Atrium.

• Pulmonary Valve: Located between the Right Ventricle and Pulmonary Artery.

  • Prevents backflow of blood from the Pulmonary Artery to the Right Ventricle.

• Mitral Valve (Bicuspid Valve): Located between the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle.

  • Prevents backflow of blood from the Left Ventricle to the Left Atrium.

• Aortic Valve: Located between the Left Ventricle and Aorta.

  • Prevents backflow of blood from the aorta to the Left Ventricle.

Blood Vessels

• Superior Vena Cava (SVC) and Inferior Vena Cava (IVC):

  • Carry deoxygenated blood from the upper and lower parts of the body to the Right Atrium.

• Pulmonary Arteries:

  • Carry deoxygenated blood from the Right Ventricle to the lungs.

• Pulmonary Veins:

  • Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the Left Atrium.

• Aorta:

  • Carries oxygenated blood from the Left Ventricle to the rest of the body.

Septum

• Atrial Septum: Located between the Right and Left Atria.

  • Prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart.

• Ventricular Septum: Located between the Right and Left Ventricles.

  • Prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart.

Blood Flow Cycle

• Deoxygenated blood enters the Right Atrium via the Superior and Inferior Vena Cava.
• Blood flows through the Tricuspid Valve into the Right Ventricle.
• Blood flows through the Pulmonary Valve into the Pulmonary Artery to the lungs.
• Blood is oxygenated in the lungs.
• Oxygenated blood flows through the Pulmonary Veins into the Left Atrium.
• Blood flows through the Mitral Valve into the Left Ventricle.
• Blood flows through the Aortic Valve into the Aorta, and then to the rest of the body.

Summary

• The heart's primary function is to circulate blood.
• Deoxygenated blood is carried to the lungs for oxygenation.
• Oxygenated blood is then distributed to the rest of the body.
• Valves ensure one-way blood flow.
• The septum prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Test your knowledge on the heart's chambers and valves. This quiz covers the anatomical locations, functions, and roles of the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle, and the specific heart valves. Perfect for students studying human anatomy or cardiovascular systems.