Anatomy of the Esophagus

What is the major function of the esophagus?

Propulsion

How does the esophagus join the stomach?

At the cardiac sphincter

Which nerve is primarily involved in the involuntary phase of swallowing?

Vagus nerve

What prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

Epiglottis Signup and view all the answers

What type of muscles are present in the esophagus?

Smooth muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of mucus cells around the cardial sphincter?

Protection against acid reflux Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the digestive system?

Break down food into nutrient molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for producing bile?

Gall bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process of the digestive system?

Digestion Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream?

Small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the salivary glands in the digestive system?

Initiate digestion of carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Which organ plays a key role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the tooth is covered by enamel?

Crown Signup and view all the answers

What mineralizes the enamel of a tooth?

Calcium salts and hydroxyapatite crystals Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the tooth anchors it in the bony socket?

Periodontal ligament Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the pharynx?

Stratified squamous epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What are the external muscle layers of the pharynx composed of?

Two skeletal muscle layers Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is formed by the periodontal ligament?

Gomphosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the major function of the large intestine?

Reclaiming water and electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the mass movements in the large intestine?

Gastrocolic reflex Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the large intestine acts as a storage reservoir for feces?

Sigmoid colon Signup and view all the answers

What kind of movements are mostly observed in the ascending and transverse colon?

Segmenting movements Signup and view all the answers

What does distension initiate in the process of defecation?

Spinal defecation reflex Signup and view all the answers

What is synthesized by enteric bacteria in the large intestine?

B complex vitamins and some vitamin K Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of intrinsic factor in the stomach?

Facilitating the absorption of vitamin B12 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anemia is caused by a deficiency of intrinsic factor?

Pernicious anemia Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the secretion of enzymes and hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

Gastrin hormone Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the cephalic (reflex) phase of gastric secretions?

Aroma, taste, sight, or thought stimuli Signup and view all the answers

Which phase provides two-thirds of the gastric juice released by the stomach?

Gastric phase Signup and view all the answers

Anatomy of the Esophagus

Questions and Answers

What is the major function of the esophagus?

How does the esophagus join the stomach?

Which nerve is primarily involved in the involuntary phase of swallowing?

What prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

What type of muscles are present in the esophagus?

What is the function of mucus cells around the cardial sphincter?

What is the main function of the digestive system?

Which organ is responsible for producing bile?

What is the primary process of the digestive system?

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream?

What is the function of the salivary glands in the digestive system?

Which organ plays a key role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?

Which part of the tooth is covered by enamel?

What mineralizes the enamel of a tooth?

Which part of the tooth anchors it in the bony socket?

What type of epithelium lines the pharynx?

What are the external muscle layers of the pharynx composed of?

What type of joint is formed by the periodontal ligament?

What is the major function of the large intestine?

What initiates the mass movements in the large intestine?

Which part of the large intestine acts as a storage reservoir for feces?

What kind of movements are mostly observed in the ascending and transverse colon?

What does distension initiate in the process of defecation?

What is synthesized by enteric bacteria in the large intestine?

What is the main function of intrinsic factor in the stomach?

Which type of anemia is caused by a deficiency of intrinsic factor?

What stimulates the secretion of enzymes and hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

What triggers the cephalic (reflex) phase of gastric secretions?

Which phase provides two-thirds of the gastric juice released by the stomach?

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