Anatomy of Pharynx Muscles

Questions and Answers

What is the nerve supply of the Laryngeal Pharynx?

Ascending Pharyngeal nerve

Internal Laryngeal nerve of the Vagus nerve (correct)

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Maxillary nerve (V2)

Which muscle is an afferent limb of the pharynx?

Stylopharyngeus

Salphingopharyngeus

Palatopharyngeus

None of the above (correct)

How many cavities does the pharynx communicate with?

Nine

Five

Ten

Seven (correct)

What is the shape of the pharynx?

Circular Signup and view all the answers

What is the blood supply of the pharynx?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the incomplete ring of lymphoid tissue that surrounds the opening into the respiratory and digestive systems?

Waldeyer's ring of lymphoid tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles?

To facilitate swallowing Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the pharyngeal/gag reflex?

Touching the back of the patient's pharynx Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve may be injured during a palatine tonsillectomy?

Glossopharyngeal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the lymphoid tissue that is inflamed in the given PE?

Between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches Signup and view all the answers

What is the extent of the pharynx?

From the base of the skull to the lower border of the thyroid cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible complication of a palatine tonsillectomy?

Severe hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

Which tonsil is located in the upper part of the Waldeyer's ring of lymphoid tissue?

Pharyngeal tonsil Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical removal of the palatine tonsil called?

Tonsillectomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Superior constrictor muscle?

Constriction of the pharynx Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the Stylopharyngeus muscle?

Glossopharyngeal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the tonsil located in the nasopharynx?

Pharyngeal tonsil Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pharynx opens into the larynx and esophagus?

Laryngopharynx Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Palatopharyngeus muscle?

Elevation of the pharynx Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the Salpingopharyngeus muscle?

Vagus nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the reflex that helps to prevent foreign objects from entering the trachea?

Gag reflex Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pharynx contains the opening of the auditory tube?

Nasopharynx Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Inferior constrictor muscle?

Constriction of the pharynx Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the pharyngeal mucosa in the lower pharynx?

Vagus nerve Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pharynx

The pharynx is a common passageway for the respiratory and digestive systems.
It is divisible into three portions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
The nasopharynx contains the opening of the auditory tube and pharyngeal tonsils.
The oropharynx contains the palatine and lingual tonsils.
The laryngopharynx opens into the larynx and esophagus.
The pharynx is situated behind the nasal cavities, mouth, and larynx.
It has a funnel-shaped musculomembranous wall that is deficient anteriorly.

Muscles of the Pharynx

Elevation of the pharynx is done by stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus, and superior constrictor muscles.
Closure of the oropharyngeal isthmus is done by palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus muscles.
Constriction of the pharynx is done by superior, middle, and inferior constrictor muscles.
All muscles are innervated by the Vagus nerve except for stylopharyngeus, which is innervated by the Glossopharyngeal nerve.

Nerve Supply

Nasopharynx is supplied by the Maxillary nerve (V2).
Oropharynx is supplied by the Glossopharyngeal nerve.
Laryngeal Pharynx is supplied by the Internal Laryngeal nerve of the Vagus nerve.

Blood Supply

The pharynx is supplied by the ascending pharyngeal, tonsillar branches of the facial, maxillary, and lingual arteries.

Gag Reflex

A pharyngeal gag reflex is the contraction of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles elicited by touching the back of a patient's pharynx.
Afferent fibers that innervate the pharyngeal mucosa are branches of the Glossopharyngeal nerve.

Waldeyer Ring of Lymphoid Tissue

It is an incomplete ring of lymphoid tissue that surrounds the opening into the respiratory and digestive systems.
It consists of palatine, tubal, pharyngeal, and lingual tonsils.

Palatine Tonsillectomy

It is the surgical removal of the palatine tonsil.
The Glossopharyngeal nerve may be injured, causing loss of general and taste sensations on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue.
It may cause severe hemorrhage.

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Description

This quiz covers the afferent and efferent limbs, and various muscles of the pharynx, including stylopharyngeus, salphingopharyngeus, and constrictors. It is part of a medical board prep handout by Topnotch Anatomy Team.