Anatomy of Pharynx Muscles
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Questions and Answers

What is the nerve supply of the Laryngeal Pharynx?

  • Ascending Pharyngeal nerve
  • Internal Laryngeal nerve of the Vagus nerve (correct)
  • Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Maxillary nerve (V2)

    • Which muscle is an afferent limb of the pharynx?

  • Stylopharyngeus
  • Salphingopharyngeus
  • Palatopharyngeus
  • None of the above (correct)

    • How many cavities does the pharynx communicate with?

  • Nine
  • Five
  • Ten
  • Seven (correct)

    • What is the shape of the pharynx?

    <p>Circular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the blood supply of the pharynx?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the incomplete ring of lymphoid tissue that surrounds the opening into the respiratory and digestive systems?

    <p>Waldeyer's ring of lymphoid tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles?

    <p>To facilitate swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the pharyngeal/gag reflex?

    <p>Touching the back of the patient's pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve may be injured during a palatine tonsillectomy?

    <p>Glossopharyngeal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the lymphoid tissue that is inflamed in the given PE?

    <p>Between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the extent of the pharynx?

    <p>From the base of the skull to the lower border of the thyroid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible complication of a palatine tonsillectomy?

    <p>Severe hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tonsil is located in the upper part of the Waldeyer's ring of lymphoid tissue?

    <p>Pharyngeal tonsil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the surgical removal of the palatine tonsil called?

    <p>Tonsillectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Superior constrictor muscle?

    <p>Constriction of the pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the Stylopharyngeus muscle?

    <p>Glossopharyngeal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tonsil located in the nasopharynx?

    <p>Pharyngeal tonsil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the pharynx opens into the larynx and esophagus?

    <p>Laryngopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Palatopharyngeus muscle?

    <p>Elevation of the pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the Salpingopharyngeus muscle?

    <p>Vagus nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the reflex that helps to prevent foreign objects from entering the trachea?

    <p>Gag reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the pharynx contains the opening of the auditory tube?

    <p>Nasopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Inferior constrictor muscle?

    <p>Constriction of the pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the pharyngeal mucosa in the lower pharynx?

    <p>Vagus nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pharynx

    • The pharynx is a common passageway for the respiratory and digestive systems.
    • It is divisible into three portions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
    • The nasopharynx contains the opening of the auditory tube and pharyngeal tonsils.
    • The oropharynx contains the palatine and lingual tonsils.
    • The laryngopharynx opens into the larynx and esophagus.
    • The pharynx is situated behind the nasal cavities, mouth, and larynx.
    • It has a funnel-shaped musculomembranous wall that is deficient anteriorly.

    Muscles of the Pharynx

    • Elevation of the pharynx is done by stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus, and superior constrictor muscles.
    • Closure of the oropharyngeal isthmus is done by palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus muscles.
    • Constriction of the pharynx is done by superior, middle, and inferior constrictor muscles.
    • All muscles are innervated by the Vagus nerve except for stylopharyngeus, which is innervated by the Glossopharyngeal nerve.

    Nerve Supply

    • Nasopharynx is supplied by the Maxillary nerve (V2).
    • Oropharynx is supplied by the Glossopharyngeal nerve.
    • Laryngeal Pharynx is supplied by the Internal Laryngeal nerve of the Vagus nerve.

    Blood Supply

    • The pharynx is supplied by the ascending pharyngeal, tonsillar branches of the facial, maxillary, and lingual arteries.

    Gag Reflex

    • A pharyngeal gag reflex is the contraction of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles elicited by touching the back of a patient's pharynx.
    • Afferent fibers that innervate the pharyngeal mucosa are branches of the Glossopharyngeal nerve.

    Waldeyer Ring of Lymphoid Tissue

    • It is an incomplete ring of lymphoid tissue that surrounds the opening into the respiratory and digestive systems.
    • It consists of palatine, tubal, pharyngeal, and lingual tonsils.

    Palatine Tonsillectomy

    • It is the surgical removal of the palatine tonsil.
    • The Glossopharyngeal nerve may be injured, causing loss of general and taste sensations on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue.
    • It may cause severe hemorrhage.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the afferent and efferent limbs, and various muscles of the pharynx, including stylopharyngeus, salphingopharyngeus, and constrictors. It is part of a medical board prep handout by Topnotch Anatomy Team.

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