Anatomy LE 6: Optic and Extraocular Motor Pathways

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What is the primary function of the pupillary light reflex?

To control the movement of the eyeball

To regulate blood pressure

To regulate the amount of light entering the eye (correct)

To focus on distant objects

Which structure is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain?

Trigeminal nerve

Olfactory nerve

Optic nerve (correct)

Vagus nerve

What is the term for the movement of the eyes to focus on a single point?

Convergence (correct)

Saccadic movement

Smooth pursuit

Vergence

Which of the following is NOT a part of the visual pathway?

Cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that connects the two optic nerves?

Optic chiasm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for regulating the size of the pupil?

Pupillary light reflex Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of the eyes to track a moving object?

Smooth pursuit Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that transmits visual information from the lateral geniculate body to the cortex?

Optic radiation Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain do the fibers turn towards in the afferent pathway for the pupillary light reflex?

Follicular midbrain Signup and view all the answers

Where do the fibers from the optic tract end?

Pretectal colliculus Signup and view all the answers

What type of fibers project from the pretectal nucleus to the Edinger-Westphal nuclei?

Pretectal neuron fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of bilateral lesions in the visual cortex?

Complete blindness Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the pupillary light reflex in the unstimulated eye?

Constriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Edinger-Westphal nuclei in the pupillary light reflex?

Controlling parasympathetic responses Signup and view all the answers

What type of visual field defect occurs when same regions of the fields of both eyes are involved?

Homonymous visual field defect Signup and view all the answers

Where do the postganglionic fibers from the ciliary ganglion innervate?

Sphincter pupillae Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure affected in Lesion D?

Optic tract or LGB Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of visual field defect in Lesion D?

Homonymous hemianopsia Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the accommodation/convergence reflex?

Convergence of the eyes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the optic chiasm in the pupillary light reflex?

Allowing fibers to cross over Signup and view all the answers

What is affected in Lesion E?

Medial optic radiation/Cuneus Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of visual field defect in Lesion E?

Homonymous lower quadrantic anopsia Signup and view all the answers

Which pathways are interrupted in Lesion E?

Pathways from the upper temporal quadrant of the ipsilateral retina and upper nasal quadrant of the contralateral retina Signup and view all the answers

What is important to remember about Lesion E?

There is reversion and inversion of the lesion Signup and view all the answers

Where is the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve located?

At the level of the superior colliculus Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is not supplied by the oculomotor nerve?

Lateral rectus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus?

Supplies the ciliary muscle and sphincter pupillae Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve is found at the posterior surface of the midbrain?

Trochlear nerve (CN IV) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is supplied by the trochlear nerve?

Superior oblique Signup and view all the answers

Where is the nucleus of the abducens nerve located?

At the floor of the 4th ventricle Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of the abducens nerve?

Horizontal gaze Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is supplied by the abducens nerve?

Lateral rectus Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Doll's eye maneuver/reflex?

To check brainstem function for regulating eye movement Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal finding in the Doll's eye maneuver/reflex?

Head is rotated to the left, eyes must look at the right Signup and view all the answers

Which command center is associated with vertical saccade?

Rostral internucleus of MLF Signup and view all the answers

How is the visual field projected to the retina?

In an inverted and reversed manner Signup and view all the answers

What yoke muscles did the patient use when looking to the right and up?

L - Inferior Oblique, R - Superior Rectus Signup and view all the answers

Anatomy LE 6: Optic and Extraocular Motor Pathways

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the pupillary light reflex?

Which structure is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain?

What is the term for the movement of the eyes to focus on a single point?

Which of the following is NOT a part of the visual pathway?

What is the name of the structure that connects the two optic nerves?

Which of the following is responsible for regulating the size of the pupil?

What is the term for the movement of the eyes to track a moving object?

What is the name of the structure that transmits visual information from the lateral geniculate body to the cortex?

Which part of the brain do the fibers turn towards in the afferent pathway for the pupillary light reflex?

Where do the fibers from the optic tract end?

What type of fibers project from the pretectal nucleus to the Edinger-Westphal nuclei?

What is the result of bilateral lesions in the visual cortex?

What is the result of the pupillary light reflex in the unstimulated eye?

What is the role of the Edinger-Westphal nuclei in the pupillary light reflex?

What type of visual field defect occurs when same regions of the fields of both eyes are involved?

Where do the postganglionic fibers from the ciliary ganglion innervate?

What is the structure affected in Lesion D?

What is the type of visual field defect in Lesion D?

What is the result of the accommodation/convergence reflex?

What is the function of the optic chiasm in the pupillary light reflex?

What is affected in Lesion E?

What is the type of visual field defect in Lesion E?

Which pathways are interrupted in Lesion E?

What is important to remember about Lesion E?

Where is the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve located?

Which muscle is not supplied by the oculomotor nerve?

What is the function of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus?

Which cranial nerve is found at the posterior surface of the midbrain?

Which muscle is supplied by the trochlear nerve?

Where is the nucleus of the abducens nerve located?

What is the action of the abducens nerve?

Which muscle is supplied by the abducens nerve?

What is the purpose of the Doll's eye maneuver/reflex?

What is the normal finding in the Doll's eye maneuver/reflex?

Which command center is associated with vertical saccade?

How is the visual field projected to the retina?

What yoke muscles did the patient use when looking to the right and up?

What structure produces a blind spot in the visual field?

What type of pupil does not react to light but reacts to accommodation?

What reflex is responsible for ocular adjustment in response to head movement?

What is the term for the movement of the eyes to focus on a single point?

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