Liver Anatomy and Function Quiz

The liver receives blood from two sources: the hepatic artery proper and the hepatic portal vein. The hepatic artery provides oxygen-rich blood, while the hepatic portal vein carries nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract.

The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and most of the large intestine. This blood contains nutrients absorbed from digested food.

The hepatic artery proper supplies the liver with oxygenated blood.

Liver lobules are the basic functional units of the liver. Each lobule is a hexagonal structure with a portal triad at each corner.

A portal triad contains three structures: a branch of the hepatic portal vein, a branch of the hepatic artery proper, and a small branch of the bile duct.

The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the digestive tract to the liver. This blood contains nutrients that have been absorbed from the food we eat.

The hepatic artery proper provides oxygenated blood to the liver, which is essential for the liver's many functions.

The bile duct is responsible for carrying bile, a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.

The pancreas produces around 1 liter of pancreatic juice daily, which is a mixture of digestive enzymes and other substances.

The release of pancreatic juice is regulated by hormones from the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.

Pancreatic alpha-amylase breaks down complex carbohydrates, like starches, into simpler sugars.

Pancreatic lipase breaks down fats (lipids) into smaller molecules like fatty acids, which can be absorbed by the body.

Nucleases break down nucleic acids, the building blocks of DNA and RNA.

Proteolytic enzymes are responsible for breaking down proteins into smaller units. They are produced in an inactive form to prevent damage to the pancreas itself.

The liver is the largest internal organ in the body, weighing about 3.3 pounds.

The liver is located in the abdominal cavity and performs essential metabolic and synthetic functions.

The liver is covered by a tough, fibrous capsule and the visceral peritoneum. It is also attached to the diaphragm by the coronary ligament.

These are tubes that carry bile to the gallbladder and small intestine.

A small, thin-walled blood vessel in the liver that carries blood between hepatocytes.

Specialized cells that line the sinusoids in the liver. They are part of the immune system and remove old cells or pathogens.

A network of tiny channels in the liver that collect bile produced by hepatocytes.

The main blood vessel in the liver that carries blood rich in nutrients from the digestive system to the liver.

These are small tubes that branch from the bile duct and carry bile to the bile canaliculi.

The main cells of the liver, responsible for most of the liver's functions.

A membrane that separates the right and left ventricles of the heart.

The right and left hepatic ducts collect bile from all bile ducts within the liver lobes.

The right and left hepatic ducts unite to form the common hepatic duct, which leaves the liver and joins with the cystic duct.

The cystic duct connects to the gallbladder, which stores and concentrates bile before it's released into the small intestine.

The common hepatic duct joins with the cystic duct to form the common bile duct, which carries bile to the duodenum.

The common bile duct joins with the pancreatic duct at the duodenal ampulla, which regulates the flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum.

The liver plays a crucial role in regulating various metabolic processes, including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and protein metabolism.

The liver is involved in the synthesis and breakdown of blood proteins, the production of clotting factors, and the removal of old or damaged red blood cells.

The liver detoxifies harmful substances from the blood, such as drugs, alcohol, and toxins. It transforms these substances into less harmful forms that can be excreted.

The liver stores vitamins and minerals like iron and vitamin B12, which are essential for various bodily functions.

The liver produces bile, a fluid that aids in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine.

Bile is a fluid produced by the liver that helps digest fats.

Bile is stored in the gallbladder until it is needed for digestion.

Dietary fats are not water-soluble, so they need to be broken down into smaller droplets before they can be digested.

Bile salts break up large fat droplets into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for digestion by pancreatic enzymes.

The liver continuously produces bile, which is then concentrated and stored in the gallbladder.