Anatomy of GINGIVA
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Questions and Answers

What is the normal color of gingiva?

  • Brown or black
  • Pink or coral pink (correct)
  • Yellowish
  • Grayish white

    • What is the function of melanocytes in gingiva?

  • To attach the gingiva to the teeth and bones
  • To produce toxins that incite inflammation
  • To elevate the gingival surface
  • To produce melanin that pigments the gingiva (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of the surface of attached gingiva?

  • It is inflamed
  • It appears stippled with shallow depressions (correct)
  • It is freely mobile
  • It is smooth and shiny

    • What is the primary function of the gingival sulcus?

    <p>To provide a shallow groove between the free gingiva and tooth surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average depth of the gingival sulcus in healthy individuals?

    <p>1.8 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a gingival sulcus depth greater than 3 mm?

    <p>It is a sign of periodontal disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the free gingiva and the attached gingiva?

    <p>The free gingiva is freely mobile, while the attached gingiva is attached to the teeth and bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the gingival sulcus?

    <p>To provide a space for the oral mucosa to meet the surface of the tooth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the gingival sulcus in relation to periodontal pockets?

    <p>It can represent a periodontal pocket if the depth is greater than 3 mm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of junctional epithelium?

    <p>From the REE of the tooth germ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the epithelium in the attached gingiva?

    <p>It appears stippled with elongated rete pegs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the interdental papilla of posterior teeth in a three-dimensional view?

    <p>Tent-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the region where the oral mucosa meets the surface of the tooth?

    <p>Dentinogingival junction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of gingiva that is nonkeratinized?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are abundant in the lamina propria?

    <p>Fibroblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the gingival ligament?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gingiva

    • The gingiva is the part of the firm oral masticatory mucosa surrounding the necks of the teeth and covering the alveolar processes of the jaws.
    • Normal color of the gingiva is pink or coral pink, but it can have a grayish tinge.
    • The gingiva can be pigmented brown or black due to melanin produced by melanocytes, specific cells found among the basal cells of the epithelium.

    Clinical Parts of the Gingiva

    • The gingiva has three clinical parts: free, attached, and interdental papilla.

    Free Gingiva

    • The free gingiva is freely mobile and not attached to the underlying structures.
    • It has a shallow V-shaped notch called the free gingival groove, which divides the free gingiva from the attached gingiva.
    • The gingival sulcus or crevice is a shallow groove between the free gingiva and the tooth surface, extending around the circumference of the tooth.

    Attached Gingiva

    • The attached gingiva is attached to the teeth and bones.
    • Its surface appears stippled, with elevated portions of the epithelium and shallow depressions between them.
    • Elongated rete pegs are seen, giving the surface a stippled appearance.

    Dentogingival Junction

    • The dentogingival junction is the region where the oral mucosa meets the surface of the tooth.
    • Bacteria on the tooth surface can produce toxins that can cause inflammation and damage if they enter the mucosal tissues.

    Gingival Sulcus

    • In healthy individuals, the gingival sulcus is approximately 0.5 to 3 mm deep.
    • Mild inflammation is present at an average depth of 1.8 mm.
    • A depth greater than 3 mm is considered pathologic and represents periodontal disease.

    Gingiva

    • Part of the firm oral masticatory mucosa surrounding the necks of the teeth and covering the alveolar processes of the jaws
    • Normally pink or coral pink in color, sometimes with a grayish tinge
    • May be pigmented brown or black due to melanin produced by melanocytes in the basal cells of epithelium

    Clinical Parts of Gingiva

    • Free gingiva: freely mobile and not attached to underlying structures
      • Has a free gingival groove (a shallow V-shaped notch)
      • Has a gingival sulcus/crevice (a shallow groove between the free gingiva and tooth surface)
    • Attached gingiva: attached to teeth and bones
      • Has a stippled surface with elevated and depressed areas
      • Has elongated rete pegs (stippling)
    • Interdental papilla: part of the free gingiva that fills the space between teeth
      • Pyramidal/triangular in shape on oral/vestibular aspect
      • Has a central concave area (col) covered by thin nonkeratinized epithelium, more vulnerable to periodontal disease

    Gingival Sulcus and Junctional Epithelium

    • Gingival sulcus: a shallow groove between the free gingiva and tooth surface
      • Average depth in healthy individuals is 0.5-3 mm
      • Depth greater than 3 mm is considered pathologic and represents a periodontal pocket
    • Junctional epithelium: epithelium attached to the tooth (enamel or sometimes cementum) surface
      • Derived from the REE of the tooth germ
      • Consists of cells aligned parallel to the tooth surface, increasing in thickness from apex to crown
      • Attached to enamel by internal basal lamina and to connective tissue by external basal lamina
      • Has hemidesmosomes in both basal laminas

    Functional Epithelium and Lamina Propria

    • Functional epithelium:
      • 75% of population has parakeratinized epithelium, 15% has keratinized, and 10% has nonkeratinized epithelium
    • Lamina propria:
      • Consists of dense connective tissue, not highly vascularized
      • Has macrophages, plasma cells, and lymphocytes
      • Fibroblasts are abundant
      • Gingival ligament: collagen fibers arranged in various groups to support the free gingiva, bind attached gingiva to alveolar bone and tooth, and link one tooth with another

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    Description

    This quiz covers the definition, characteristics, and clinical parts of gingiva, including its color, pigmentation, and components such as free gingiva, attached gingiva, and interdental papilla.

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