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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the three anatomic areas of the gingival epithelium?
Which of the following is NOT one of the three anatomic areas of the gingival epithelium?
- Oral Epithelium
- Junctional Epithelium
- Attached Gingiva (correct)
- Sulcular Epithelium
Which structure directly attaches the gingiva to the tooth surface?
Which structure directly attaches the gingiva to the tooth surface?
- Junctional Epithelium (correct)
- Oral Epithelium
- Attached Gingiva
- Sulcular Epithelium
Which of the following describes the location of the oral epithelium?
Which of the following describes the location of the oral epithelium?
- Covers the outer surface of the free and attached gingiva (correct)
- Lines the gingival sulcus
- Lining the floor of the mouth
- Attaches to alveolar bone
The gingival connective tissue provides what crucial element to the gingiva?
The gingival connective tissue provides what crucial element to the gingiva?
Which of the following is a characteristic of healthy sulcular epithelium?
Which of the following is a characteristic of healthy sulcular epithelium?
How does the junctional epithelium attach to the tooth surface?
How does the junctional epithelium attach to the tooth surface?
What is the function of the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) that permeates through the sulcular epithelium?
What is the function of the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) that permeates through the sulcular epithelium?
Which of the following best describes the composition of gingival connective tissue?
Which of the following best describes the composition of gingival connective tissue?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the stratification of the oral epithelium?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the stratification of the oral epithelium?
Compared to the apical zone, what is the cell thickness of the junctional epithelium at the coronal area?
Compared to the apical zone, what is the cell thickness of the junctional epithelium at the coronal area?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the gingival connective tissue?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the gingival connective tissue?
What is the primary function of the desmosomes found within the gingival epithelium?
What is the primary function of the desmosomes found within the gingival epithelium?
Which of the following structures is directly responsible for attaching the junctional epithelium to the gingival connective tissue?
Which of the following structures is directly responsible for attaching the junctional epithelium to the gingival connective tissue?
Which characteristic distinguishes the sulcular epithelium from the oral epithelium?
Which characteristic distinguishes the sulcular epithelium from the oral epithelium?
Why is a high cell turnover rate important in junctional epithelium?
Why is a high cell turnover rate important in junctional epithelium?
What is the alternate term for the gingival connective tissue?
What is the alternate term for the gingival connective tissue?
Which structure is NOT part of the periodontium?
Which structure is NOT part of the periodontium?
Which layer of the oral epithelium contains spine-like cells with large intercellular spaces, attached by desmosomes?
Which layer of the oral epithelium contains spine-like cells with large intercellular spaces, attached by desmosomes?
Which fiber group runs from the cementum to the CEJ and horizontally links teeth together?
Which fiber group runs from the cementum to the CEJ and horizontally links teeth together?
Where are the interpapillary fibers located and what do they connect?
Where are the interpapillary fibers located and what do they connect?
Which of the following best describes the function of supragingival fibers of the connective tissue?
Which of the following best describes the function of supragingival fibers of the connective tissue?
The junctional epithelium is crucial for sealing the opening created when teeth erupt. Which characteristic is most important for this?
The junctional epithelium is crucial for sealing the opening created when teeth erupt. Which characteristic is most important for this?
Which of the following fibers encircle several teeth linking them together?
Which of the following fibers encircle several teeth linking them together?
What is the primary component found in the gel-like ground substance of gingival connective tissue?
What is the primary component found in the gel-like ground substance of gingival connective tissue?
What is the role of tonofilaments within the cells of the oral epithelium?
What is the role of tonofilaments within the cells of the oral epithelium?
Alveologingival fibers extend from the alveolar crest to the gingival connective tissue. What is their primary function?
Alveologingival fibers extend from the alveolar crest to the gingival connective tissue. What is their primary function?
Which of the following is true regarding the length of the junctional epithelium?
Which of the following is true regarding the length of the junctional epithelium?
Which best describes the shape of the interface where the oral epithelium joins the underlying connective tissue?
Which best describes the shape of the interface where the oral epithelium joins the underlying connective tissue?
Which type of cells are cube-shaped and make up the deepest layer of the oral epithelium?
Which type of cells are cube-shaped and make up the deepest layer of the oral epithelium?
In healthy gingiva, what type of interface is formed by the sulcular epithelium joining the connective tissue?
In healthy gingiva, what type of interface is formed by the sulcular epithelium joining the connective tissue?
Regarding the stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium of the Junctional Epithelium, which of the following are true?
Regarding the stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium of the Junctional Epithelium, which of the following are true?
Which cell junction connects epithelial cells to the basal lamina?
Which cell junction connects epithelial cells to the basal lamina?
What is the function of the Transseptal fibers?
What is the function of the Transseptal fibers?
Which layer of the oral epithelium exhibits flattened cells with increased intracellular keratin?
Which layer of the oral epithelium exhibits flattened cells with increased intracellular keratin?
Which fiber arrangement is described as running in a mesiodistal direction along the entire dental arch, linking teeth together?
Which fiber arrangement is described as running in a mesiodistal direction along the entire dental arch, linking teeth together?
Which of the following cells located in the gingival connective tissue is responsible for host response?
Which of the following cells located in the gingival connective tissue is responsible for host response?
Epithelium that faces the tooth surface without bring in contact with the tooth surface is known as:
Epithelium that faces the tooth surface without bring in contact with the tooth surface is known as:
What is the cell thickness of Junctional epithelium at apical zone?
What is the cell thickness of Junctional epithelium at apical zone?
The body attempts to seal the tooth by attaching the:
The body attempts to seal the tooth by attaching the:
Select the true statement regarding cellular layers of oral epithelium:
Select the true statement regarding cellular layers of oral epithelium:
Which fibres are located in the papilla and connect oral & vestibular papilla?
Which fibres are located in the papilla and connect oral & vestibular papilla?
Select the FALSE statement regarding attached and free gingiva:
Select the FALSE statement regarding attached and free gingiva:
Flashcards
What is the Periodontium?
What is the Periodontium?
The supporting tissues around a tooth, including the gingiva, cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone.
What is Free Gingiva?
What is Free Gingiva?
The portion of the gingiva that is unattached and forms a cuff around the tooth.
What is Attached Gingiva?
What is Attached Gingiva?
The part of the gingiva that is tightly bound to the underlying alveolar bone.
What is the Free gingival groove?
What is the Free gingival groove?
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What is the Mucogingival junction?
What is the Mucogingival junction?
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What is the Gingival Col?
What is the Gingival Col?
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What is the Dentogingival Junction?
What is the Dentogingival Junction?
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What is the Oral Epithelium?
What is the Oral Epithelium?
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What are the layers of the Oral Epithelium?
What are the layers of the Oral Epithelium?
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What is the Sulcular Epithelium?
What is the Sulcular Epithelium?
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Does the Sulcular Epithelium have rete pegs?
Does the Sulcular Epithelium have rete pegs?
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What is the Junctional Epithelium?
What is the Junctional Epithelium?
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What is the size of the Junctional Epithelium?
What is the size of the Junctional Epithelium?
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How does Junctional Epithelium attach?
How does Junctional Epithelium attach?
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What is the Function of the Junctional Epithelium?
What is the Function of the Junctional Epithelium?
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Name the function of the Gingival Connective Tissue?
Name the function of the Gingival Connective Tissue?
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What is another name for the Gingival Connective Tissue?
What is another name for the Gingival Connective Tissue?
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What is the role of Gingival Connective Tissue?
What is the role of Gingival Connective Tissue?
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What are the Supragingival fibers?
What are the Supragingival fibers?
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What is Gingival Sulcus depth in health?
What is Gingival Sulcus depth in health?
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Study Notes
Intended Learning Outcomes
- Identify and label the three anatomic areas of the gingival epithelium.
- Describe the anatomy and function of the oral epithelium.
- Describe anatomy and function of the sulcular epithelium.
- Describe anatomy and function of the junctional epithelium.
- Describe the function of gingival connective tissue.
- Be aware periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone are other structures that are part of the gingiva.
Periodontium
- Tissues of the periodontium include gingiva, cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone.
Areas of Epithelium
- The three areas of epithelium (dento-gingival junction) junctional epithelium, sulcular epithelium, and oral epithelium.
Oral Epithelium
- The oral epithelium covers the outer surface of the free and attached gingiva.
- It extends from the crest of the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction.
- It is the only part of the periodontium visible to the unaided eye.
- It is stratified squamous epithelium
- The layers are listed from the deepest to most superficial layer
Cell Layers of The Oral Epithelium
- Basal cell layer: cube-shaped cells.
- Prickle cell layer: spine-like cells with large intercellular spaces that attach to each with desmosomes.
- Granular cell layer: flattened cells and increased intracellular keratin.
- Keratinized cell layer (stratum corneum): flattened cells with extensive intracellular keratin.
- Underneath these layers is underlying connective tissue in wavy pattern
Sulcular epithelium
- Faces the tooth surface without being in contact with the tooth surface.
- It is thin and nonkeratinized epithelium without rete pegs.
- It is semi permeable (but less so than JE) allowing fluid to flow from the gingival connective tissue into the sulcus commonly referred to as gingival crevicular fluid (GCF)
- When healthy, it joins connective tissue at a smooth interface with no epithelial ridges (no wavy junction).
Junctional Epithelium
- Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium.
- Joins gingiva to the tooth surface.
- Length 0.71 – 1.35mm.
- Cell thickness coronally – 15-30 cells.
- 4-5 cells thick at apical zone with high cell turnover.
- The body attempts to seal the opening created by eruption the teeth by attaching epithelium.
- Reason for the name 'junction' meaning 'connection'.
- Microscopic anatomy consists of closely packed epithelial cells connected by desmosomes (cell junction).
- Internal Basal Lamina is a thin layer of extracellular matrix between epithelial cells and the tooth surface.
- External Basal Lamina is a thin layer of extracellular matrix between epithelial cells and gingival connective tissue.
- Attachment to the tooth surface is by hemidesmosomes (cell junction) & internal basal lamina
- 8-10 hemidesmosomes per micron at the coronal end and 2 per micron at the apical end.
- Attachment to connective tissue by hemidesmosomes & external basal lamina.
Cell Junctions
- Desmosome is a cell junction that connects two neighboring epithelial cells and their cytoskeletons together.
- Hemidesmosome connects the epithelial cells to the basal lamina or layer.
- Functions of the junctional epithelium include attachment, barrier and host defense.
Gingival Connective Tissue
- Connective tissue of the free & attached gingiva provides solidity to the gingiva and attaches the gingiva to the cementum of the root and the alveolar bone.
- Its also known as the lamina propria.
- Functions include integrity, and strength of gingival tissues from its dense network.
- It also normal function of connective tissues together; as well as transports water, nutrients, metabolites and oxygen.
Supragingival Fibres
- AG (Alveologingival): Alveolar crest to gingival connective tissue
- C (Circular): Ring around coronally above crestal bone
- DG (Dentogingival): Cementum fan into gingival connective tissue
- PG (Periosteogingival): Fan from periosteum
- IG (Intergingival): Mesiodistal direction along whole dental arch linking teeth together
- IC (Intercircular): Encircle several teeth linking teeth together
- IP (Interpapillary): Located in the papilla connect oral & vestibular papilla
- TG (Transgingival): Cementum to CEJ and run horizontally linking teeth together
- TS (Transeptal): Cementum of one tooth to another tooth over crestal bone
Gingival sulcus dimensions
- Sulcus measures 0.69 mm
- Epithelial attachment measures 0.97mm
- Biological width measures 2.04mm
- Connective tissue attachment measures 1.07mm
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Description
Explore the anatomy and function of gingival epithelium, covering oral, sulcular, and junctional areas. Learn about the role of gingival connective tissue and its relation to periodontal structures. Understand the importance of each component within the periodontium.
