Anatomy Memory Tools Quiz

20 Questions

Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?

Transporting oxygen to the body's cells

Which muscle acts as the prime mover (agonist) in elbow flexion?

Biceps brachii

What is the role of the tibialis anterior muscle?

Dorsiflexion of the foot and ankle

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for hip extension?

Hamstrings

What is the purpose of a prosthesis?

To replace a missing body part and restore functionality

What material was used in the ancient Egyptian prostheses?

Wood and leather

Which technological advancements have revolutionized modern prosthetic technology?

3D printing and lightweight but strong materials like polypropylene plastic and carbon fiber

What falls into the category of prostheses besides artificial limbs?

Fingers, eyes, ears, and noses

What is the primary function of long bones?

Act as levers for skeletal muscles

Where does hematopoiesis occur in bones?

Red bone marrow of certain bones

Which type of bones have a large surface area and are thin and flat?

Flat bones

What is the process of bone tissue formation called?

Ossification

Which type of muscle is responsible for body movement and is under voluntary control?

Skeletal muscle

What are the two key proteins involved in muscle contraction?

Myosin and actin

Which of the following neurotransmitters is released by motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction to transmit signals that cause muscle contraction?

Acetylcholine

What role do muscles play in conjunction with bones to generate force and movement?

Form lever systems

Which type of bone is more solid and stores inorganic salts, providing bone strength?

Compact bone

What is the function of osteoblasts in the process of bone regeneration after a fracture?

They form spongy bone and replace the callus

Which bone structure covers the ends of bones in joints and helps decrease friction?

Articular cartilage

What is the primary purpose of the hematoma that forms at the site of a fracture?

To provide a framework for the fibrocartilaginous callus

Study Notes

Osteoblasts build new bone before undergoing apoptosis (cell death)
Fracture treatment includes reduction (realignment) and immobilization
Hematoma forms due to hemorrhaged blood clots at the site of the break
Fibrocartilaginous callus forms to span the break and connect the ends
Osteoblasts form spongy bone and replace the callus
Bone remodeling occurs
Articular cartilage covers bone ends in joints, decreases friction
Spongy bone is found in bone ends and joints, holds marrow and nutrient vessels
Compact bone is more solid and stores inorganic salts, provides bone strength
Epiphyses are bone ends that distribute pressure in joints, make RBCs
Diaphysis is the midsection of a long bone, contains spongy and compact bone
Periosteum is the outermost layer of bone, provides support and connection
Endosteum lines medullary cavity, aids in bone growth
Yellow bone marrow produces fat, red bone marrow produces blood cells
Nutrient artery carries blood and nutrients to the bone
Lower limb bones are thicker, designed for more weight and force
Wrist bones (carpals) and finger bones (phalanges) are long bones
Metacarpals anchor phalanges to the wrist
Phalanges make up fingers and enable dexterity
Femur calculation is used to estimate height
Using femur length to determine height is not accurate for all ages
Tissues of the skeletal system vary depending on slides provided
Bone names answers will vary based on student performance
Fracture results in callus formation and bone regeneration
Cancer and osteoporosis can result in bone breaks
Symptoms of a fracture include swelling, pain, bruising, and weakness
Blood clot forms at the site of the fracture, leading to swelling
Collagen forms a callus, which replaces the blood clot
Osteoblasts begin bone regeneration 6-12 weeks after a fracture
Immobilization and pain management help with fracture healing
Fractures increase risk for fractures as bone density decreases with age
By age 30, people begin to lose bone density
Prevent bone loss by getting calcium, vitamin D, and exercising regularly

Test your knowledge of memory tools for the support and motion unit in anatomy. Get creative and come up with your own mnemonic devices for remembering the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx regions.

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