Biology Chapter 5 Quiz: Memory & Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of working memory in the memory process?

  • To consolidate episodic memories during sleep
  • To move information into long-term memory
  • To keep information temporarily accessible for processing (correct)
  • To store information from sensory memory for immediate recall

Which aspects primarily influence what we pay attention to in sensory memory?

  • Visual cues and auditory signals
  • Interest and meaning (correct)
  • Length of exposure and clarity
  • Repetition and relaxation

What is an important factor in the consolidation of long-term memory?

  • Active processing during waking hours
  • Frequent recall of episodic memories
  • Adequate sleep (correct)
  • Continuous exposure to new information

Which memory type is specifically associated with memories of life episodes, such as a class presentation?

<p>Episodic Memory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chunks can both phonological and visuospatial aspects typically hold on a single topic?

<p>3-4 chunks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'anatomy' specifically refer to?

<p>The structure of body parts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level of organization is characterized by groups of cells performing a specific function?

<p>Tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

<p>Breaking down and absorbing foods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body cavity houses the heart?

<p>Thoracic cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is at the highest level of organization in the human body?

<p>Organism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of microscopic structures of tissues referred to as?

<p>Histology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function associated with connective tissue?

<p>Covers body surfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the position of the palms be in the anatomical position?

<p>Facing forward (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which plane divides the body into equal right and left sides?

<p>Midsagittal plane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical term for the portion of the body that includes the neck and trunk?

<p>Torso (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the anatomical position accurately?

<p>Standing erect, arms at sides, palms forward (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'dorsal' refer to in anatomical terminology?

<p>Back of the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body cavity houses the heart and lungs?

<p>Thoracic cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which plane does a transverse section of the body occur?

<p>Divides body into upper and lower (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body region refers to the area where the trunk attaches to the thighs?

<p>Groin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lubricating fluid in the serous cavity?

<p>To facilitate movement and reduce friction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is the outermost layer of the heart's pericardial cavity?

<p>Parietal layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical region does the mediastinum contain?

<p>Heart, great vessels, and trachea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quadrant does the umbilicus serve as the midpoint for?

<p>All four quadrants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a body cavity mentioned?

<p>Dorsal cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the quadrants in the abdominopelvic region help describe?

<p>The site of pain or injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the visceral layer cover?

<p>Internal organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following systems is classified under the 'basic' bodily systems?

<p>Integumentary system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the eleven systems of the human body?

<p>Skeletal Muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of life refers to the sum of all chemical processes in the body?

<p>Metabolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for lying face up?

<p>Supine position (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the ability to detect and respond to changes in the environment?

<p>Responsiveness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of growth in living organisms?

<p>Increase in cell size and number of cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical position indicates that the subject's palms should face forward?

<p>Anatomical position (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the reproductive system?

<p>Production of a new individual (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by differentiation in the context of life processes?

<p>Cellular specialization from unspecialized cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sensory Memory

Sensory memory is the initial stage of memory where incoming information is briefly held for 3-4 seconds. It's like a fleeting glimpse or echo of what we experience.

Working Memory

Working memory is the active part of our memory system where we manipulate and process information held in mind. It's like a mental workspace.

Phonological Loop

Phonological loop is part of working memory responsible for processing verbal and auditory information. It's like a mental 'voice recorder.'

Visuospatial Sketchpad

Visuospatial Sketchpad is part of working memory dedicated to processing visual and spatial information. It's like a mental 'picture gallery.'

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Episodic Memory

Episodic memory is a long-term memory system that stores specific events and personal experiences in a timeline like a 'memory diary.'

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Anatomy

The study of the structure of body parts.

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Physiology

The study of the function of body parts.

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Cell

The smallest unit of life, capable of carrying out all life processes.

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Tissue

A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function.

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Organ

A structure made up of two or more different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function.

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System

A group of organs working together to perform a major body function.

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Body Cavity

The space in the body that houses and protects internal organs.

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Mediastinum

The space between the lungs that contains the heart, trachea, and major blood vessels.

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Metabolism

The sum of all chemical processes occurring within a living organism; encompasses both building up (anabolism) and breaking down (catabolism) reactions.

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Responsiveness

The ability of an organism to sense and respond to changes in its internal or external environment; vital for survival.

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Growth

The capacity for an organism to increase in size and complexity; can involve an increase in cell size, cell number, or material surrounding cells.

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Differentiation

The process by which unspecialized cells become specialized with specific functions, forming the diverse tissues and organs of a multicellular organism.

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Reproduction

The ability of an organism to produce offspring, either through the creation of new cells for growth and repair or the generation of a new individual.

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Anatomical Position

A standardized position where the body is upright, facing forward, with palms facing outward and feet flat on the ground.

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Anatomical Terminology

A set of terms used to describe the location, direction, and relationships of body parts, ensuring clarity and precision in communication.

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Parietal layer

The outermost layer of a serous membrane, lining the body cavity.

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Visceral layer

The innermost layer of a serous membrane, lining the organ.

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Serous cavity

The fluid-filled space between the parietal and visceral layers of a serous membrane.

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Thoracic cavity

The body cavity that houses the heart and lungs, enclosed by the rib cage.

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Abdominal cavity

The area extending from the diaphragm to the pelvic brim, encompassing the stomach, liver, intestines, etc.

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Pelvic cavity

The lower body cavity that contains the bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs.

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Body Planes

Planes are imaginary flat surfaces passing through the body. They help us visualize and understand internal structures.

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Sagittal Plane

The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left portions. A midsagittal plane divides it into two equal halves, while a parasagittal plane divides it unequally.

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Frontal Plane

The frontal (or coronal) plane divides the body into front and back portions. It's like a slice from ear to ear.

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Transverse Plane

The transverse (or horizontal) plane divides the body into upper and lower portions. It's like a horizontal cut across the waist.

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Body Cavities

Body cavities are spaces within the body that house internal organs. They protect and support the organs.

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Study Notes

Anatomical Organization

  • The human body is organized in a hierarchical manner, from smallest to largest.
    • Chemical level: atoms combine to form molecules.
    • Cellular level: molecules combine to form cells, the basic units of life.
    • Tissue level: similar cells working together form tissues, supporting body functions.
    • Organ level: different tissues working together form organs.
    • Organ system level: related organs work together to accomplish specific tasks, forming organ systems.
    • Organism level: organ systems working together make up the entire organism (the human body).

Body Cavities

  • Body cavities are spaces within the body that house internal organs.
    • Cranial cavity: houses the brain.
    • Vertebral canal: houses the spinal cord.
    • Thoracic cavity: houses the heart and lungs.
    • Pleural cavity: surrounds the lungs.
    • Pericardial cavity: surrounds the heart.
    • Mediastinum: contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea and large blood vessels.
    • Abdominopelvic cavity: houses the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity.
    • Abdominal cavity: houses the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, most of the intestines, and other organs.
    • Pelvic cavity: contains the urinary bladder, portions of the intestines and reproductive organs.

Anatomical Terminology: Planes

  • Planes are imaginary flat surfaces that divide the body into specific sections or parts.
    • Sagittal plane: divides the body into right and left sides (midsagittal - equal halves, parasagittal – unequal halves).
    • Frontal (coronal) plane: divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions.
    • Transverse (horizontal) plane: divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions.
    • Oblique plane: passes through the body at an angle other than 90 degrees.

Anatomical Terminology: Directional Terms

  • Superior (cranial/cephalic): above or higher in position, toward the head

  • Inferior (caudal): below or lower, toward the feet

  • Anterior (ventral): toward the front of the body

  • Posterior (dorsal): toward the back of the body

  • Medial: towards the midline of the body

  • Lateral: away from the midline of the body

  • Proximal: Closer to the point of attachment or origin.

  • Distal: Far from the point of attachment or origin.

  • Superficial: Closer to the surface of the body

  • Deep: Farther from the surface of the body

  • Internal: Inside a structure

  • External: Outside a structure

Body Quadrants

  • Four quadrants (RUQ, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ) divide the abdominopelvic region for clinical purposes.

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Test your knowledge on the functions of memory and the basics of human anatomy in this engaging quiz. Questions cover topics such as types of memory, levels of biological organization, and functions of body systems. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of these concepts.

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